Health and Lifestyle Knowledge Organiser

Flashcards based on the Health and Lifestyle knowledge organiser, covering the digestive system, nutrients, food tests, drug effects, and unhealthy lifestyle consequences.

Digestion

The breaking down of large insoluble food molecules to small soluble ones.

pancreas

An organ that makes enzytnes.

liver

An organ that makes bile.

carbohydratess

The main source of energy for the body.

lipids

fats and olls provide energy.

proteins

Used for growth and repair of tissues.

vitamins and minerals

Essential in small amounts to keep you healthy.

Abre

Provides bulk to food to keep it moving through the gut (not actually a nutrient).

oesophagus (gullet)

Carries food to the stomach.

stomach

Churns food (physical digestion) and begins chemical digestion of proteins.

small intestine

Where digested food is absorbed Into blood.

large Intestine

Where water and minerals are absorbed into the blood and bacteria make important vitamins like vitamin K.

anus

expels laeces.

Medicinal drugs

Used in medicine to benefit your health if used correctly, such as painkillers, antibiotics, and cough mixture.

Recreational drugs

Taken for enjoyment, relaxation, or to stay awake; examples include alcohol, caffeine, heroine, cocaine, and tobacco.

Addiction

When your body becomes used to the chemical changes caused by a drug and you need to take the drug to feel normal.

withdrawal symptom

Symptoms such as sickness, nausea, stomach cramps, headaches, anxiety, and sweating when an addicted person stops taking a drug.

lodine solution

A solution added to food; if it turns blue-black, the food contains starch.

Benedict's solution

A solution added to food and heated; if it turns orange-red, the food contains sugar.

ethanol

Used to test for lipids; if the solution turns cloudy when poured into water, the food contains lipids.

Enzymes

Special proteins that can break large molecules of nutrients down into small molecules; also known as biological catalysts.

carbohydrase

Speeds up digestion of carbohydrates (e.g., starch) into sugars.

protease

Speeds up digestion of protein into amino acids.

lipase

Speeds up digestion of lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.

balanced dlet

When you have the right proportions of the food groups to keep you healthy.

Vitamin A deficiency

Can lead to night blindness.

Vitamin D deficiency

Can lead to rickets.

dlabetes

A condition for which being overweight causes an increased risk.

Alcohol

A depressant that slows down your body's reactions.

cirrhosis

Liver damage caused by drinking large amounts of alcohol over a long time.

Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A condition that drinking during pregnancy increases the risk of.

tar

Clogs the lining of the lungs and alveoll, and contains cancer-causing chemicals.

nicotine

An addictive stimulant found in cigarette smoke.

carbon monoxide

A chemical in cigarette smoke that stops blood from carrying oxygen.

emphysema

A respiratory disease that can be caused by smoking.