Jazz

New Orleans

________ was an ideal site for the birth of jazz because it was an intensely rich musical city, with a lot of demand for live bands to accompany dance and parties.

New York City

In the 1930s, ________ became the center of jazz activity, partly because of the huge demand for dance music and the size- able venues into which jazz musicians were booked.

W C Handy

"The father of the Blues"; He didn’t invent the blues, but he was interested in folk blues of the Deep South when traveling in the Mississippi Delta, and incorporated it into his music, thus helping to popularize it

Ragtime

________ is a musical style in the U.S. which got its peak of popularity between 1895 and 1919, but its origins date earlier than that.

Congo Square

________: an open space in New Orleans where African descents gathered throughout the 19th century for meetings, open markets, and the African dance and drumming celebrations that played a substantial role in the development of jazz.

Jazz

________ began developing in the African American communities of New Orleans in the late 19th century.

Billie Holiday

________ is one of the most influential jazz singer after Bessie Smith.

Ragtime composers

________ developed rhythmic complexities by fusing European and African rhythmic approaches: the player's left hand keeps steady beats in a strong meter, while his right- hand rhythms emphasize weak beats, or arrive just before or after beats.

19th century

It originated at the end of the ________ from the work songs, spirituals, field hollers, rhymed narrative ballads and chants of African American communities in the Deep South.

musical genre

The blues is both the name of a(n) ________ and a musical form (12 bar blues)

New Orleans

________ jazzmen and jazzwomen became known for a style of blending improvised parts- sometimes referred to as "collective improvisation.

New Orleans

The early development of jazz in ________ is most associated with the popularity of bandleader Charles "Buddy "Bolden, an "uptown "cornetist whose charisma and musical power became legendary.

Ragtime composers developed rhythmic complexities by fusing European and African rhythmic approaches

the player's left hand keeps steady beats in a strong meter, while his right-hand rhythms emphasize weak beats, or arrive just before or after beats

The "blue note"

a note that is played for aesthetic reasons at a slightly different pitch

Congo Square

an open space in New Orleans where African descents gathered throughout the 19th century for meetings, open markets, and the African dance and drumming celebrations that played a substantial role in the development of jazz

By the turn of the century, an instrumentation borrowing from both brass marching bands and string bands was predominant

usually a front line of cornet, clarinet, and trombone with a rhythm section of guitar, bass, and drums

more complex melodies and harmonies

comping on the beat chording

Jazz began developing in

_________________________the African American communities of New Orleans in the late 19th century.

The influential elements of jazz are

brass band marches, the rhythm of ragtime, the blues, polyphonic improvisation, spiritual songs, call and response, Western classical music tradition, the French quadrille, and the biguine.

Ragtime composers developed rhythmic complexities by

_____________________________________________________fusing European and African rhythmic approaches

The blues originated from

__________________________the work songs, spirituals, field hollers, rhymed narrative ballads and chants of African American communities in the Deep South.

The Swing Era:

This was the era of the jazz big band, and of groups such as those led by Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, and Count Basie.

Count Basie

an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer.

Billie Holiday

one of the most influential jazz singer after Bessie Smith; her phrasing and the way she was interpreting and improvising the melody influenced many vocalists and instrumentalists alike.

Characteristics of Bebop

small combo instead of big band - less emphasis on arrangement - faster tempo

display of soloist virtuosity

more complex melodies and harmonies - comping on the beat chording