HOL: Biological Macromolecules

Proteins are formed by long chains of _____.

- amino acids

- lipids

- nucleic acids

- carbohydrates

amino acids

Glucose is a _____ that serves as an energy source for many organisms.

- disaccharide

- monosaccharide

- polysaccharide

- complex carbohydrate

monosaccharide

IKI solution is used to detect _____.

- simple carbohydrates

- lactose

- starch

- proteins

starch

True or false: Lipids are a diverse group of macromolecules that are water soluble.

false

Nucleic acids function for _____ in organisms.

- energy storage

- cell structure

- genetic coding

- membrane transport

genetic coding

What macromolecule does this reagent identify? Benedicts reagent

reducing sugars

What macromolecule does this reagent identify? IKI solution

starches

What macromolecule does this reagent identify? Sudan III reagent

lipids

What macromolecule does this reagent identify? Biuret's reagent

proteins

What macromolecule does this reagent identify? Dische diphenylamine reagent

DNA

Composed of long chains of amino acids.

proteins

Process that breaks down polymers by inserting water molecules.

hydrolysis reaction

Group of macromolecules that are insoluble in water.

lipids

Composed of 1-2 sugar monomers and used as an energy source for cellular function.

simple carbohydrates

Process that connects monomers by releasing water molecules.

dehydration reaction

Composed of at least three sugar monomers and used for energy storage in cells.

complex carbohydrates

Form DNA and RNA chains.

nucleic acids

_____ are macromolecules formed of chains of amino acids.

- Lipids

- Carbohydrate

- Proteins

- Nucleic acids

proteins

True or false: Stored polysaccharides are broken down into simple sugars when cells require energy.

true

_____ reagent is used to indicate the presence of reducing sugars.

- Benedict's

- Biuret's

- IKI

- Sudan III

Benedict's

Examples of lipids include _____ and other molecules that are not water soluble

- monosaccharides

- disaccharides

- oils

- RNA

oils

True or false: DNA occurs as a single-stranded nucleic acid composed of adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

false

When using IKI indicator, an inky black colored solution is a positive test result for _____.

- proteins

- reducing sugars

- starch

- DNA

starch

True or false: The Sudan III test is performed by carefully adding one drop of reagent followed by a drop of sample to filter paper.

true

Biuret's reagent turns from blue to _____ when mixed with a sample containing peptide bonds.

- purple

- black

- orange

- yellow

purple

An unknown tested negative for reducing sugars, starch, lipids, and DNA but positive for proteins. The sample could be identified as _____.

- glucose

- canola oil

- milk

- albumin

albumin