scales

major scale

W W H W W W H

natural minor scale

W H W W H W W

harmonic minor scale

W H W W H W W#

melodic minor scale

W H W W H W# W#

tonic

first and last notes of a scale

supertonic

second note of a scale

mediant

third note of a scale

subdominant

fourth note of a scale

dominant

fifth note of a scale

submediant

sixth note of a scale

leading tone

seventh note of a scale (if a half step below tonic)

subtonic

seventh note of a scale (if a whole step below tonic)

order of flats in key signature

B E A D G C S (Battle Ends And Down Goes Charles’ Father)

order of sharps in key signature

F C G D A E B (Father Charles Goes Down And Ends Battle)

sharps are ___ (key signature calculation)

positive

flats are ___ (key signature calculation)

negative

C major numeric value

0

D major numeric value

2

E major numeric value

4

F major numeric value

-1

G major numeric value

1

A major numeric value

3

B major numeric value

5