Interactions Between American Indians and Europeans (Page 1)

Flashcards covering the early European-Indian interactions, specific alliances, and the formation and dissolution of the New England Confederation as described in Page 1 notes.

What general view did Europeans hold toward American Indians at the start of colonization?

They viewed American Indians as inferior people who could be used as forced labor or displaced, but also as potential allies in conflicts with other Europeans or other American Indians.

How did Native Americans respond to European diseases and encroachment?

They defended themselves and their cultures; sometimes various tribes joined together to resist Europeans; other times, a tribe allied with one group of Europeans to fight another or to fight against rivals.

Which 1626 alliance example shows Mahican involvement with Europeans against another tribe?

The Mahican Indians persuaded Dutch settlers to join in an attack on the Mohawk in southern New York.

What was the New England Confederation, and when was it formed?

A mutual-protection military alliance formed in 1643 by Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, and New Haven.

How was the New England Confederation structured and what were its powers?

It was directed by a board composed of two representatives from each colony and had limited powers to act on boundary disputes, the return of runaway servants, and dealings with American Indians.

How long did the New England Confederation last, and why did it end?

It lasted until 1684 and ended due to colonial rivalries and renewed control by the English monarch.

What important precedent did the New England Confederation establish?

It established an important precedent for colonies taking unified action for a common purpose.

What threats did the New England colonies face in the 1640s?

They faced constant threat of attack from American Indians, the Dutch, and the French, while England was in civil war and colonists expected little assistance.