APUSH - Source-Based Multiple Choice (Period 5)

(Robert C. Winthrop, 1846)

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Winthrop suggests that Polk's slogan of "Fifty-four Forty or Fight!" was based mainly on which of the following attitudes?

(A) Polk held strong anti-British sentiments

(B) Polk believed the country needed more free land

(C) Polk hoped to get political benefit

(D) Polk felt pressure from Southerners

c (Polk hoped to get political benefit)

(Robert C. Winthrop, 1846)

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Which of the following did Winthrop offer as a final way to settle the Oregon question?

(A) The two countries should submit their claims to arbitration

(B) The two countries should negotiate until they reached a compromise

(C) The United States should annex the land and settle it

(D) The United States should purchase the land from Great Britain

a (The two countries should submit their claims to arbitration)

(Robert C. Winthrop, 1846)

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President Polk accepted a compromise with Britain on the Oregon dispute because

(A) the United States was facing problems with Mexico

(B) the British offered a large payment

(C) the Russians were becoming involved

(D) the people who settled in California were successful

a (the United States was facing problems with Mexico)

Which period was the peak of manifest destiny?

(A) 1776 to 1783

(B) 1803 to 1810

(C) 1819 to 1841

(D) 1842 to 1853

d (1842 to 1853)

One attempt to prevent slavery in the territories was the

(A) Webster-Ashburton Agreement

(B) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

(C Ostend Manifesto

(D) Wilmot Proviso

d (Wilmot Proviso)

By going to war, the United States gained the territory labeled as the

(A) Louisiana Purchase

(B) Oregon Country

(C) Annexation of Texas

(D) Mexican Cession

d (Mexican Cession)

(James K. Polk, 1848)

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According to this diary entry, President Polk felt pressure to accept the treaty with Mexico for which of the following reasons?

(A) He was eager to expand into New Mexico and Upper California

(B) He believed the Whigs would not support more aggressive expansion

(C) He wanted to support a treaty proposed by the Whigs

(D) He feared expanding the war with Mexico if the treaty was rejected

b (He believed the Whigs would not support more aggressive expansion)

(James K. Polk, 1848)

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President Polk was motivated to reject the treaty with Mexico because of which of the following?

(A) Many Southerners wanted the United States to get larger gains in territory

(B) Many Whigs opposed the treaty and were willing to continue the war

(C) The United States was in a dispute with Great Britain over the Canadian border

(D) The treaty called for the United States to give up the territories known as Upper California and New Mexico

a (Many Southerners wanted the United States to get larger gains in territory)

(Henry Clay, 1850)

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To which politicians is Clay directing the last line of the excerpt?

(A) Southerners who were threatening to secede

(B) Senators such as Daniel Webster who rejected any compromise

(C) Advocates of popular sovereignty

(D) The president, Zachary Taylor

a (Southerners who were threatening to secede)

(Henry Clay, 1850)

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Which of the following parts of the Compromise of 1850 was the most appealing to the South?

(A) Admitting California as a free state

(B) Passing a new Fugitive Slave Law

(C) Ending the slave trade in Washington, D.C.

(D) Using popular sovereignty in new territories

b (Passing a new Fugitive Slave Law)

(Henry Clay, 1850)

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Which of the following parts of the Compromise of 1850 was the most appealing to the North?

(A) Admitting California as a free state

(B) Passing a new Fugitive Slave Law

(C) Ending the slave trade in Washington, D.C.

(D) Using popular sovereignty in new territories

a (Admitting California as a free state)

(Stephen Douglas, 1854)

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Which of the following ideas is Douglas appealing to when he says, "whether the people of the territories shall be allowed to do as they please upon the question of slavery"?

(A) The Crittenden Compromise

(B) Popular sovereignty

(C) The right of secession

(D) The distinction between a territory and a state

b (Popular sovereignty)

(Stephen Douglas, 1854)

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An increase in which of the following was the key part of the Kansas-Nebraska Act to attract Southern support?

(A) Transportation in the South

(B) Popular sovereignty

(C) Fugitive Slave Act

(D) Representation in Congress

b (Popular sovereignty)

(Roger Taney, 1857)

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Chief Justice Taney's basic ruling in the Dred Scott case was based on which of the following principles?

(A) Since slaves did not pay taxes, they had no legal rights

(B) Since Scott had returned to a slave state, he was still a slave

(C) Since Congress could not define slavery, it could not regulate it

(D) Since slaves were property, they could not sue

d (Since slaves were property, they could not sue )

(Roger Taney, 1857)

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Northerners were most upset by the Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision because

(A) the Court included no Republican Justices

(B) the decision allowed slavery in the territories

(C) several justices were slave owners

(D) blacks and whites were not treated equally

b (the decision allowed slavery in the territories)

(Roger Taney, 1857)

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Which of the following acts of Congress was declared unconstitutional in the Dred Scott decision?

(A) Missouri Compromise of 1820

(B) Compromise of 1850

(C) Kansas-Nebraska Act

(D) Fugitive Slave Law

a (Missouri Compromise of 1820)

(Abraham Lincoln, 1863)

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President Lincoln delayed issuing an Emancipation Proclamation because of his concern that it would

(A) increase foreign support for the Confederacy

(B) cause the border states to secede

(C) decrease power of the cotton industry

(D) free slaves before they were ready

b (cause the border states to secede)

(Abraham Lincoln, 1863)

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To issue an Emancipation Proclamation, President Lincoln felt that he needed which of the following?

(A) A Constitutional amendment

(B) Supreme Court approval

(C) Republican control of Congress

(D) A military victory

d (A military victory)

(George Templeton Strong, 1863)

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Strong's statement that the British feared "diminishing the supply of breadstuffs on which her operatives depend" explains why he thinks the British

(A) would benefit from less trade with the United States in general

(B) would eventually recognize the Confederacy and trade only with it

(C) depended more on the slave trade than most Americans realized

(D) depended as much on trade with the Union as with the Confederacy

d (depended as much on trade with the Union as with the Confederacy)

(George Templeton Strong, 1863)

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Which of the following describes a reason not mentioned by Strong in this excerpt that ultimately stopped Britain from recognizing the Confederacy?

(A) Concern about causing problems in Canada

(B) Desire for closer ties with Mexico

(C) Respect for the Monroe Doctrine

(D) Opposition from the British working class

d (Opposition from the British working class)

(George Templeton Strong, 1863)

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The Union was most disturbed because they believed that Britain was supporting the Confederates by doing which of the following?

(A) Building warships

(B) Purchasing cotton

(C) Loaning money

(D) Supplying food

a (building warships)

In July of 1861, President Lincoln was particularly concerned about how his policies on slavery would affect which areas?

(A) the states in white because they were slave states that remained in the Union

(B) the states in medium gray because they were home to most of his political supporters

(C) the states in dark gray because he thought he could persuade them to rejoin the Union

(D) the region in light gray because it consisted of territories that had not yet become states

a (the states in white because they were slave states that remained in the Union)

Which of the following statements best describes the states in medium gray?

(A) Most people lived in large cities

(B) Most people advocated abolition of slavery

(C) They lacked good river transportation

(D) They included most of the country's population

d (They included most of the country's population)

Which of the following statements best describes the states in dark gray?

(A) They were economically self-sufficient

(B) They were well connected by railroads

(C) They had a strong military tradition

(D) They had a strong navy

c (They had a strong military tradition)

(Frederick Douglass, 1883)

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Which of the following would in part cause Douglass's view that for African Americans, "citizenship is but a sham"?

(A) 14th Amendment

(B) Black Codes

(C) Freedmen's Bureau

(D) Election of Ulysses S. Grant

b (Black Codes)

(Frederick Douglass, 1883)

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Which best provides an example of how the "Constitution and its righteous laws," according to Douglass, provide hope for the "colored people of this country"?

(A) Wade-Davis Bill

(B) Amnesty Act of 1872

(C) Civil Rights Act of 1866

(D) 16th Amendment

c (Civil Rights Act of 1866)

(Frederick Douglass, 1883)

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Which of the following developed during Reconstruction to provide direct support and support self-determination for those freed from slavery?

(A) Credit Mobilier

(B) Tenant farming

(C) Sharecropping

(D) Black churches

d (Black churches)

(14th Amendment, 1868)

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In proclaiming that all persons born in the United States were citizens, the 14th Amendment directly repudiated which of the following?

(A) Compromise of 1850

(B) Dred Scott Decision

(C) Johnson's Reconstruction Plan

(D) Wade-Davis Bill

b (Dred Scott Decision)

(14th Amendment, 1868)

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For future Supreme Courts, one of the key points of the 14th Amendment would be which of the following?

(A) "nor deny ... equal protection of the laws"

(B) "Representatives shall be apportioned"

(C) ''the basis of representation therein shall be reduced"

(D) "shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion"

a ("nor deny ... equal protection of the laws")

By the 1876 presidential election, federal troops remained in which of the following Southern states?

A) North Carolina

B) Florida

C) Alabama

D) Mississippi

b (Florida)

The victor in the 1876 presidential election was decided by

A) a special electoral commission

B) the House of Representatives

C) the Senate

D) the Supreme Court

a (a special electoral commission)

Democrats agreed to accept Rutherford B. Hayes as president in 1876 in part if he agreed to which of the following?

A) to support a nationwide Black Code

B) to remove federal troops from the South

C) to promote Southern industrial development

D) to support civil service reform

b (to remove federal troops from the South)