Universe and the Solar System

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19 Terms

1

universe

Totality of all space and time.

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2

jovian

Outer planets

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3

mercury

Nearest planet to the sun

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4

Kant and Laplace

Nebular theory

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5

nebula

Is a cloud of gases or dust in space

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6

stars

Heavenly bodies with so much heat pressure inside

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7

constellation

Is an apparent arrangement of stars named after ancient beings.

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8

galaxy

Big assembly of stars, gas and dust held together by gravity.

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9

Earth

Our habitat

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10

asteroid

Minor planet

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11

Lithosphere

composed of both the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves as a brittle, rigid solid.

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12

Asthenosphere

solid upper mantle material that is so hot that it behaves plastically and can flow.

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13

Transition Zone

rocks do not melt or disintegrate.

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14

Lower Mantle

is hotter and denser than the upper mantle and transition zone.

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15

Gutenberg discontinuity

the core-mantle boundary, or CMB, marks the end of the mantle and the beginning of Earth’s liquid outer core.

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16

CORE

mostly made of iron and nickel.

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17

Outer Core

is mostly composed of liquid iron and nickel.

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18

Bullen discontinuity

hottest part of the core where temperatures reach 6,000° Celsius—as hot as the surface of the sun.

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19

Inner Core

a hot, dense ball of (mostly) iron.

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