Studied by 12 people
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melanoma
skin cancer
superficial spreading melanoma
most common malignant melanoma
brown or black raised patch with an irregular border and may include variable pigmentation
nodular melanoma
most aggressive form of melanoma
small suddenly appearing, but quickly enlarging bump or papule
most are black
lentigo malignant melanoma
less common
as lesions enlarge, they can show more variations in pigment
acral lentiginous melanoma
usually dark brown or black
most common in people with darker skin tones
burn
injury from direct contact with or exposure to any thermal, chemical, electrical or radiation source
burn severity
determined by the depth of the burn injury and the total body surface area involved
thermal burns
caused by exposure to sources such as flame, hot liquid, hot steam, or hot objects
chemical burns
caused by tissue contact with or ingestion, inhalation, or injection of strong acids, alkalis, or organic compounds
electrical burns
caused by heat that is generated by electrical energy as it passes through the body
radiation burns
caused by exposure to radioactive source
epidermis
superficial burn
sunburn, UV exposure, brief exposure to flash, flame or hot liquids
dermis
partial thickness burn
superficial: scalding liquids, semi liquids, or solids
deep: immersion scald, flame
subcutaneous tissue
full thickness burn
prolonged exposure to chemical, electrical, flame, scalding liquids or steam
cutaneous burns
exposure to excessive heat results in denaturation of proteins, water vaporization, and cutaneous blood vessel thrombosis in affected areas
electrical burns
heat is generated as the electricity travels throughout the body, resulting in internal tissue damage and potential multisystem injury
infection
most common and life threatening complication of burn injuries
hands and joints
burns here can result in permanent physical and vocational disability, requiring extensive therapy and rehab
pressure injury
lesion caused by unrelieved pressure, resulting in damage to underlying tissue
usually occur over bony prominences
pressure injury risk factors
sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, friction/shear
stage 1 pressure injury
intact skin with a localized are of non-blanchable erythema
stage 2 pressure injury
partial thickness loss of skin with exposed dermis
adipose is not visible and deeper tissues are not visible
granulation tissue, slough, and eschar are not present
stage 3 pressure injury
full thickness loss of skin, in which adipose is visible in the ulcer and granulation tissues and epibole are often present
slough and/or eschar may be visible
fascia, muscle tendon, ligament, cartilage, and or bone are not exposed
stage 4 pressure injury
full thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage, or bone in the ulcer
slough and/or eschar may be visible
unstageable pressure injury
full thickness skin and tissue loss in which the extent of tissue damage within the ulcer cannot be confirmed because it is obscured by slough or eschar
deep tissue pressure injury
results from intense and or prolonged pressure and shear forces at the bone-muscle interface
wound may evolve rapidly to reveal the actual extent of tissue injury or may resolve without tissue loss
