US history 2Semester

What is segregation imposed by law called?

de jure segregation

what is segregation imposed by unwritten customs/tradition called?

de facto segregation

Who is thurgood marshall?

A lawyer that won many cases on segregation

What did the Plessy V fersguson talk about?

seperate but equal, segregation didn’t violate 14th amendment

brown v board of education did what?

Supreme Court unanimously ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional

What is the Munich pact?

agreement that allowed Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland, a border region of Czechoslovakia, appeasement

What does hitler force to join reich first?

Austria

Who is Nevile chamberlain

prime minister of britian, created munich pact w US

What is Blitzkreg?

lighting war, attack from 3 sides by German to take over Poland

What is the line France was prepared to fight on

Marginot line, but instead Hitler attacked Arennes and France falls

Who is prime minister of britian after Neville chamberlain

Winston churchill

Who is the tripartite act between?

Germany, Italy, Japan

What is battle of midway

Battle between Japan and US, most important naval battle that put Japan on the defensive side

What is battle of stalingrad

Battle between Germany and USSR, turning point in war for Europe

how much did WWII cost US?

330 billion, national debt went from 42 billiion to 264 billion

Executive order 9066

Japanese americans in internment camps

Who are the lost land?

Japanese people prove loyalty to US, including the 442 regimental combat team

executive order 8802

fair hiring practices in jobs with government money, stop racism

What is the Bracero program?

laborers from Mexico brought to work, mostly in farms

Where did d-day happen?

at the beaches of France

What is Battle of the Bulge?

Hitler’s last ditch effort in which he tried to wedge between Britian and US forces, didn’t work and he killed himself.

Who becomes president after FDR dies

truman

Who lead manhattan project? what is it?

Oppenheimer, produce nuclear weapons

Nuremberg laws

denied citizenship of Americans, marriage between two groups not allowed and they had to wear the star of david so many would know they were Jews.

Where were most of the concentration camps at?

Poland

What was the most famous concentration camp?

Auschwitz

What is the Yalta conference?

US Britian and USSR try to decide how to split Europe after Germany falls, USSR disagrees.

Nuremburg trials

Nazis prosecuted for war crimes, violated Geneva convention

Who calls USSR “iron curtain” and why?

Churchill, because it displays how USSR was trying to split and create a wall between two diff sides -closed eastern europe off.

truman doctrine

support countries fighting USSR-Greece and Turkey

What does soviet respond to NATO with

warsaw pact

What happens when US refuses to seat China as new representative at UN because they turned to communism?

USSR started to boycott security council sessions

What is SEATO

created to prevent communism from spreading in Asia, Manlia pact

Mutually assured destruction

US and USSR prevent them from using bombs because they can both destroy each other

Who is secretary of state under Eisenhower?

Dulles

Massive retaliation

crushing with overwhelming force

who becomes leader of USSR after stalin dies?

Nikita Khruschev

suez crisis

marked the definitive end of British and French imperial dominance as global superpowers and cemented the United States and the Soviet Union. France and Britian wanted to help seize control of suez canal.

Smith act

unlawful to teach or advocate for overthrow of government

HUAC

investigate facists, nazis and communists

Hollywood ten

investigated for communism etc, use 5th amendment right, blacklisted from industry

Alger hiss

sentenced to 5 years for being spies

Julius and Ethel rosenburg

executed for being spies

Veona papers

List of people that had communication to USSR from US, prove that they were spies.

Lavendar scare

homosexuals targeted for communism etc

BI bill

unemployment and paid college

Taft-Hurtley Act

outlawed closed shop, only union members being hired

Interstate highway act

connected major cities through highways, 41000 miles

Who is Dr Benjamin spark

wrote a book on how to raise children and family

Billy Graham lead what?

religious revival

California master plan

college, cal state, university created, 3 types

Beatniks

people who refused to conform to society

Urban renewal

try to revive certain run down areas

termination policy

end tribal gov relocate to major city

What did Arkansas governor do?

Oral Faubus used national guard to stop letting in African American students, Eisenhower had to send in troops.

Civil rights act of 1957

protect the voting rights of African Americans good start but lacked teeth

“a freedom ride”

two buses from Washington DE to New orleans, one fire bombed other attacked in Birmingham

Who is racist govenor of alabama

George Wallace

Civil rights act of 1964

passed house, Filibuster in senate for 80 days to stop votes.

Freedom summer

register African Americans to vote in missisippi

Who breaks color barrier in baseball?

Jackie Robinson

Voting rights act of 1965

banned literacy tests

24th amendment

no poll tax

Marhin luther king was killed by who?

James Earl Ray

Bloody sunday

police attack nonviolent protestors and churches bombed

presidential election of 1960 was between who?

Kennedy Democrat and Nixon republican

New frontier

launched by JFK

equal pay act

equal pay for equal work

deficit spending

borrow money to spend money, tax cut on middle class and tax the rich.

warren commission

who shot kennedy, ruled that Oswald killed kennedy

who launched Great Society and what did it do?

launched by johnson, provided medicad, education and war on poverty

warren court

controversal issues

judicial interperetation

how we interperate the constitution

1967 Louing V virginia

marriage outside of race

Tinkir V Ohio

evidence gained illegally, violates 4th amendment

Gideon V wainwright

all accused criminals have right to a lawyer

Esubede v Illinois

offered lawyer before questioning

Miranda v arizona

told your rights, 5th and 6th amendment

Peace crop

launched by kennedy, stop communism

hotline installed between where

moscow and washington dc

Nuclear test ban treaty

no more testing nuclear bombs above land

How did the vietnam war start?

France wanted to take back colonies in IndoChina

Gulf of Tokin resolution

Gave Johnson war powers

US used what to attack vietnam

napalm and agent orange

who supports vietnam war and who against?

Hawks, doves

Credibility gap

what johnson does and what he said was happening

Tet offensive

assult of Vietnam on cities, showed public how US wasnt doing well

Who was killed in LA

Robert Kennedy, while trying to be elected for president

Democratic convention in where?

Chicago, complete disaster

Richard Nixon promises what

to “peace with honor” and end Vietnam war, republican

My Lai massacre

US troops look for vietcong and kill citizens because they all blend in

Pentagon papers

government involed in Vietnam with american public knowing

paris peace accords

US out of Vietnam war

War powers act

had to tell congress 48 hours after committing US forces

Hippie movement

people didn’t want to fall to societal norms, started doing drugs

Battle of the Sexes

Bilie Jean King beat Robby Riggs in tennis

Title IX

prohobits sex based discrimination in education

Who fought for migrant farm workers

Ceasar Chavez and Dolores Huerta

United farm workers

union nonviolent wanted collective barganing