European Politics

Marshall Plan

Officially the ‘European Recovery Program,’ the plan for the U.S. to provide aid to western Europe. Helped promote economic recovery and also stimulated the U.S. economy.

OEEC

The organization proposed by the U.S. in which europeans would cooperate in their mutual economic recovery. This advanced European economic integration.

CMEA

The Socviet bloc’s counterpart of OEEC

EPU

European payments union, established by the OEEC reducing intra-European trade barriers.

Bilateral trade

The exchange of goods, services, and capital between two countries.

Federalist/Supranationalist structure

An international organization should hold powers traditionally exercised by nations. (The organization holds federal powers over nations)

Intergovernmentalist structure

Individual nations maintain sovereignty, while voluntarily acting as members of an international organization.

European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)

Proposed by Robert Schuman of France to place Coal and Steel industries under federal control to prevent franco-german conflict. ‘The Six’ initial members (Germany, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Italy) are now a driving force behind European integration.

Warsaw Pact

Formed by the USSR to counter NATO