PSC chapter 8: non-democratic regimes

Authoritarianism

political SYSTEM where a small group of individuals have power over the state

Non-democratic regime

political REGIME where a small group of individuals have power over the state

Totalitarianism

non-democratic regime with a highly centralized state

Ideals of Totalitarianism

embodies a strong ideology that seeks to transform all aspects of a state through use of institutions: society, economy

Middle class and Democracy

an absence of a middle class ensures an absence of democracy

Resource Curse

developmental theory where the existence of natural resources in a given state blocks modernization and democracy

Populism

political view without a stable platform yet promotes hostility towards elites, states, and economic institutions in favor of returning power to the people

Coercion

public obedience is enforced through violence and surveillance

Surveillance

allows government to prevent opposition while instilling uncertainty within the population

Co-optation

members of the public are brought into a beneficial relationship with state and government

Types of Co-optation

Corporatism and Clientism

Corporatism

the usual form of co-optation, where authoritarian systems limit number of state organizations/companies that are responsible for representing public interests

Clientelism

state provides specific benefits/favors to an individual or group in return for public support

Rent Seeking

Political leaders utilize parts of the state for the purpose of controlling public goods in favor of supporters

Kleptocracy

"rule by theft", those in power seek to drain the state of its assets and resources

Patrimonialism

A form of co-optation where a ruler relies on a collection of supporters within a state, who receive benefits in return for enforcing the ruler's will/agenda

Bureaucratic Authoritarianism

theory that rational/logical expertise can solve national issues without any public participation

Personal/Monarchical Rule

Rule by a single leader, with no clear regime or rules constraining that leadership

Military Rule

Rule by one or more military officials, often brought to power through a coup d'état.

One-Party Rule

Rule by one political party, with other parties banned or excluded from power.

Theocracy

"rule by god", holy text serve as foundation for regime and politics

Illiberal Regimes

Rule by an elected leadership through procedures of questionable democratic legitimacy