Body System Overview
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Human Anatomy/Physiology
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21 Terms
Main function of the Skeletal System
Provides support, protection for internal organs, and aids in movement.
Key structures of the Skeletal System
Bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage.
Main function of the Muscular System
Provides movement and stabilization.
Key structures of the Muscular System
Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles.
Main function of the Nervous System
Collects, processes, and responds to sensory information; controls voluntary and involuntary (reflex) actions.
Key structures of the Nervous System
Brain, spinal cord, connected nerves, sensory organs, and neurons.
Main function of the Endocrine System
Produces and secretes hormones for body regulation (growth, metabolism, and sexual development).
Key structures of the Endocrine System
Hypothalamus and endocrine glands (such as pituitary, adrenal, and thyroid).
Main function of the Cardiovascular System
Facilitates gas exchange and nutrient transport to and from cells throughout the body.
Key structures of the Cardiovascular System
Heart, blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, and veins), and blood.
Main function of the Respiratory System
Facilitates gas exchange by taking in oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide.
Key structures of the Respiratory System
Lungs, nose, mouth, trachea, and diaphragm.
Main function of the Digestive System
Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients for the body.
Key structures of the Digestive System
Mouth, stomach, and intestines.
Main function of the Integumentary System
Acts as a protective barrier against the outside world, regulates temperature, and controls water loss.
Key structures of the Integumentary System
Skin, hair, nails, and associated glands.
Main function of the Immune and Lymphatic System
Defends, deflects, and destroys infectious agents that enter the body.
Key structures of the Immune and Lymphatic System
Lymph nodes, blood vessels, thymus, bone marrow, and spleen.
Main function of the Urinary/Excretory System
Maintains water balance, eliminates waste, regulates blood volume and pressure, and filters blood.
Main function of the Reproductive System
Allows organisms to reproduce by producing egg and sperm, secreting hormones, and nurturing developing offspring.
Key structures of the Reproductive System
Male: testes and penis; Female: vagina, uterus, and ovaries.