Vocabulary Practice List (Items 1 - 150)

Flashcard study set containing vocabulary words, parts of speech, and English definitions derived directly from the provided transcript.

alleviate

(verb) To make pain, stress, or a problem less severe or more bearable.

phenomenon

(noun) A fact, occurrence, or circumstance that is observed to happen.

reimburse

(verb) To pay back or refund money spent for travel or work expenses.

reluctant

(adjective) Unwilling, hesitant, or disinclined to do something.

contaminate

(verb) To make a substance or place impure or toxic by adding harmful chemicals or pollutants.

outstanding

(adjective) Exceptionally good, prominent, or distinguished.

lease

(verb/noun) To grant or take use of property under a legal contract, or the contract itself.

hypothesize

(verb) To put forward a hypothesis or educated guess based on limited evidence.

punctual

(adjective) Happening or doing something at the agreed or proper time; prompt.

smuggle

(verb) To import or export goods or contraband illegally.

enhance

(verb) To intensify, increase, or further improve the quality or extent of something.

famine

(noun) An extreme scarcity of food causing severe hunger across a population.

compensate

(verb) To give someone something, typically money, in recognition of loss, suffering, or delay.

versatile

(adjective) Able to adapt or be used for many different functions or activities.

obstacle

(noun) A thing that blocks one's way or prevents or hinders progress.

consent

(noun/verb) Permission or agreement for something to happen.

gradually

(adverb) Slowly, by degrees, or step by step over a period of time.

arbitrary

(adjective) Based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or rule.

paramedic

(noun) A healthcare professional trained to give emergency medical care before a patient reaches the hospital.

diverse

(adjective) Showing a great deal of variety or composed of distinct types and backgrounds.

confiscate

(verb) To take or seize someone's property with official authority.

thrive

(verb) To grow, develop, or prosper vigorously.

ambiguous

(adjective) Open to more than one interpretation; not clear or distinct.

regulate

(verb) To control, direct, or maintain standard safety rules or processes.

fatigue

(noun) Extreme tiredness or exhaustion resulting from mental or physical exertion.

legitimate

(adjective) Conformable to law, rules, or logic; genuine and valid.

fertilize

(verb) To add nutrients or fertilizer to soil to improve plant or crop growth.

anonymous

(adjective) Not identified by name; unknown authorship or identity.

collapse

(verb/noun) To fall down or give way suddenly due to structural failure or strain.

frugal

(adjective) Economical or cautious regarding spending money or using resources.

encounter

(verb/noun) To unexpectedly meet, face, or experience something.

biodegradable

(adjective) Capable of being decomposed naturally by bacteria or living organisms.

responsibility

(noun) The state or fact of having a duty to deal with something or take care of something.

ubiquitous

(adjective) Present, appearing, or found everywhere.

anticipate

(verb) To predict, foresee, or expect an event to happen.

discard

(verb) To get rid of something as no longer useful or desirable.

satisfaction

(noun) Fulfillment of one's wishes, expectations, or needs.

hazardous

(adjective) Risky, dangerous, or posing a threat to safety and health.

imitate

(verb) To copy or simulate the behavior, speech, or actions of another.

proportion

(noun) A part, share, or percentage considered in comparative relation to a whole.

confrontation

(noun) A hostile or argumentative situation or meeting between opposing parties.

meditate

(verb) To engage in mental exercise or contemplation to focus the mind and produce calm.

obsolete

(adjective) Out of date, replaced by newer developments, and no longer in general use.

contribute

(verb) To give or add money, time, or assistance to help achieve a result.

anesthesia

(noun) Medically induced loss of sensation or feeling, used before surgical operations.

vulnerable

(adjective) Exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed physically or emotionally.

evaluate

(verb) To assess, judge, or calculate the value, quality, or progress of something.

blend

(verb/noun) To mix different ingredients or components together thoroughly.

subsidy

(noun) A grant or financial assistance provided by a government to support individuals or businesses.

reckless

(adjective) Without caution or thought for the consequences or danger of one's actions.

migration

(noun) Movement from one region, country, or habitat to another.

clarify

(verb) To make a statement or idea clearer and easier to understand.

exploit

(verb) To make full use of a resource, or to treat someone unfairly for one's own advantage.

justify

(verb) To show or prove that an action or conclusion is right, reasonable, or grounded in evidence.

seep

(verb) To leak or flow slowly through small openings or porous liquid barriers.

literature

(noun) Written works of lasting artistic or intellectual value, such as novels and poetry.

mandatory

(adjective) Required by law or rules; compulsory.

consequence

(noun) A result or effect following an action or condition.

spectacular

(adjective) Strikingly grand, beautiful, or dramatic to view.

bias

(noun/verb) Prejudice or unfair preference for or against one person or thing.

inject

(verb) To introduce a fluid or medicine into a body using a syringe.

contemporary

(adjective) Belonging to or occurring in the present time; modern.

bribery

(noun) The act of offering, giving, or taking bribes to influence official conduct.

overcome

(verb) To successfully prevail over, deal with, or conquer a difficulty or fear.

procedure

(noun) An established or official step-by-step method of doing something.

prosperous

(adjective) Successful, flourishing, and financially well-off.

trigger

(verb/noun) To cause an event or emotional reaction to start.

disposable

(adjective) Designed to be used once or a few times and then thrown away.

hierarchy

(noun) A system in which individuals or groups are ranked according to status or authority.

substitute

(noun/verb) A person or item serving in place of another.

accumulate

(verb) To gather, collect, or build up an increasing quantity over time.

camouflage

(noun/verb) Disguise or coloration that allows people, animals, or objects to blend into surroundings.

inevitable

(adjective) Certain to happen; unavoidable.

concentrate

(verb) To direct all one's attention or mental effort toward a particular task.

derive

(verb) To obtain or originate from a specific source.

criticize

(verb) To express disapproval or point out faults in someone or something.

durable

(adjective) Able to withstand wear, pressure, or long-term heavy use.

burden

(noun/verb) A heavy physical load, hardship, or emotional duty.

conspiracy

(noun) A secret plan by a group of people to commit an illegal or harmful act.

testimony

(noun) A formal written or spoken statement given in a court or official setting.

terminate

(verb) To bring something to an end or complete a contract/process.

consumption

(noun) The process of using up resources, energy, or food/drinks.

unprecedented

(adjective) Never done, experienced, or known before.

implement

(verb) To put a plan, policy, or system into practical effect.

exponentially

(adverb) Increasing at a very rapid and accelerating rate.

assassinate

(verb) To murder an important or public figure for political or religious motives.

stable

(adjective) Firmly fixed, steady, and unlikely to fail or change drastically.

loathe

(verb) To feel intense hatred, disgust, or aversion toward something.

participate

(verb) To take part or be involved in an activity or event.

complicated

(adjective) Intricate, complex, or consisting of many interconnected parts.

permeate

(verb) To spread throughout or penetrate into every part of a space.

attempt

(noun/verb) An effort or try to accomplish a goal or solve a problem.

investment

(noun) The allocation of money, effort, or time with the expectation of future benefit or profit.

vigorous

(adjective) Full of energy, force, or physical activity.

otherwise

(adverb) Under different circumstances; if not.

pollution

(noun) The presence or introduction of harmful or poisonous substances into the environment.

distinguish

(verb) To perceive, point out, or recognize differences between items or ideas.

refrain

(verb) To stop or hold oneself back from doing an action.

foundation

(noun) An underlying basis, principle, or institution.

injury

(noun) Physical harm or damage suffered by a body.