Comprehensive Engineering, Science, and Maritime Review

Flashcards covering a wide range of academic topics including calculus, chemistry, thermodynamics, maritime engineering, technical drawing, and environmental science from the provided lecture notes.

Graph of an equation

The set of all points whose coordinates satisfy the equation.

Fundamental Problems of Calculus

The Area Problem and the Tangent Problem.

Derivative of a constant

$$0$$

Specific heat of soil

A value that is less than water, causing the temperature of land to rise more quickly than that of the sea.

Thermodynamic State Function

Quantities such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and internal energy; work is notably not one.

Rate of reaction (Concentration)

Increases when the concentration of reactant molecules is increased because the frequency of molecular collisions increases.

Heat engine

A system that takes heat in, does work, and loses heat energy.

Gibbs free energy change

The portion of the enthalpy change of a reaction used to increase entropy; if negative, the reaction is spontaneous.

Period

The horizontal row in the periodic table.

Specific energy SI unit

$$J\,kg^{-1}$$

Ship Principal Dimensions

Fundamental measurements that define the shape of a ship's hull.

Aft perpendicular

A line drawn perpendicularly to the load line through the after side of the rudder post or the centerline of the rudder stock.

Length between perpendiculars

The distance between the after and the forward perpendicular, measured parallel to the load line.

Breadth Moulded

The distance measured at half length between perpendiculars (LPP), usually at the widest part of the vessel.

Moulded Dimensions

The measurement of ship dimensions that is measured on the inner surface of the hull of a ship.

Dimensioning

The process of specifying information of objects using lines, numbers, and symbols.

Lettering

Writing titles, sub-titles, and freehand with speed on a drawing.

Scaling

A drawing method used to enlarge or reduce a drawing in size while keeping the proportions the same.

Triangle

A closed plane figure with three straight sides whose interior angles sum up exactly $180^{\circ}$.

Polygon

A closed plane figure with three or more straight sides.

Circle

A closed curve with all points at the same distance from the center point.

Visible Lines

Thick continuous lines used to outline the visible edges or contours of an object.

Dimension Lines

Thin lines used to show the actual size of an object.

Extension Lines

Thin lines showing the limits of dimensions.

Status Bar

Located in the bottom of the AutoCAD window, it contains tools to aid in drafting and gives the location of the Command window.

Environmental Science

An interdisciplinary subject that studies the role of humans on our planet.

Human population growth

A growth pattern characterized as exponential.

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy can be changed from one form to another, but never created or destroyed.

Pattern

A term used to describe repeating objects or events.

Self-organized patterns

Patterns formed without external intervention.

Fibonacci Sequence

A sequence of numbers in which terms are obtained by adding the two previous terms in the sequence.

Universal Conditional Statement

A statement that is both universal and conditional, containing variations of 'for all' and 'if-then'.

Cartesian Product

Denoted by $A \times B$, it is the set of all ordered pairs $(a, b)$ where $a \in A$ and $b \in B$.

Median

A measure of central tendency representing the value above which half of the values fall and below which half fall.

Science, Technology, and Society (STS)

The study of how society, politics, and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and vice-versa.

Biotechnology

The use of living systems, organisms, or biologically derived materials to develop technology.

Starboard

The part of the ship to your right when looking toward the stern.

Steel (Shipbuilding)

The primary element of shipbuilding since the nineteenth century because it is heavy, durable, and strong.

Marine Concrete

Materials used for ships made from cement; they are heavy but last longer than wood as they do not corrode.

International Maritime Organization (IMO)

A specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for promoting safe, secure, and environmentally sustainable shipping.

Francis Turbines

A type of Reaction Turbine.

Marine Gearbox

A component that connects the ship's engine to the propeller shaft to transmit power at the appropriate speed.

Thrust horsepower

The force generated by the ship's propeller that drives the vessel through the water.

Ship Power Drive Train

A diagram illustrating the track of the energy generated in the main engine along with energy losses.