wow

Doubling Time

The time period required for a population to double its current size.

Population Distribution

Refers to how people are spread out across a region or country.

Geographic Disparity

Over 75% of the world's population resides in developing countries, while fewer than 25% live in economically developed nations.

Fertility Decline

Fertility rates have dropped significantly since 1970 in many countries.

Youth Dependency Ratio

The proportion of youths (under 15) to economically active adults (ages 15 to 64) in developing countries.

Hidden Momentum of Population Growth

Continued population growth for decades even after birth rates decline due to existing age structures.

Demographic Transition

A model explaining the shift in population growth patterns observed in developed nations.

Replacement Fertility Level

The fertility rate needed for population stability, approximately 2.1 births per woman in developed nations.

Malthusian Trap

A situation where population growth outpaces food supply, leading to widespread poverty.

Neo-Malthusians

Advocates who argue for preventive measures to control population growth to avoid natural checks like famine and disease.

Microeconomic Household Theory

Explains fertility decisions at the household level, where parents weigh the benefits and costs of having children.

Demand for Children

Influenced by factors such as child survival rates, economic benefits, and costs associated with raising children.

Subordination of Women

The lower social, educational, and economic status of women, exacerbating issues like poverty and high fertility.

Population-Poverty Cycle

The idea that rapid population growth worsens poverty by straining resources and limiting opportunities.

Family-Planning Programs

Publicly supported initiatives that provide health and contraceptive services to encourage smaller families.

Below-Replacement Fertility

A situation where a country's fertility rate drops below the level required to replace its population.

Pro-Natal Policies

Policies encouraging families to have more children, such as tax breaks or subsidized daycare.

Immigration as a Solution

A policy response to population decline that allows skilled immigration to support the workforce.

Economic Incentives and Disincentives

Policies that manipulate financial benefits or penalties to encourage smaller families.

International Assistance

Support provided by international agencies or developed nations to help developing countries achieve population and development goals.