microbiology terms people

Francesco Redi

first to refute the idea of spontaneous generation

hypothesized that flies must have direct contact with meat for maggots to appear

Heedham

for spontaneous generation

boiled broth with animal and plant matter, sealed, and observed growth

Spallanzani

found heated but sealed broth remained clear unless the flaks were opened and something from the air was causing growth

against spontaneous generation

Pasteur

considered the one to refute spontaneous generation

swan-necked flask experiment

founding father of microbiology

1st observe L and D isomers of Aspergillus

found that fermentation is a biological process

Koch

developed solid media for obtaining pure cultures

1st to use agar to grow bacteria on plates

noted colony morphology

4 postulates helped identify the causative agents of anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera

Wingogradsky

discovery of microbial diversity

demonstrated that specific bacteria are linked to specific biogeochemical transformations such as nitrogen fixation

Beijernick

developed enrichment culture technique that selectively encouraged growth of specific organisms such as isolating the first aerobic nitrogen fixing bacterium (Azotobacter)

found that bacteria lived in the roots of plants and promote growth

Griffith and Avert Macleod McCarty

streptococcus pneumonia and transformation

evidence that DNA is the molecular basis of heredity that would modify the postulates

DNA could be used ti determine the present of a pathogen

horizontal gene transfer

DNA was transforming strains into pathogenic

Whitaker

5 domain classification of life

Woese

rRNA present in all cells made it it possible to build the first tree of life (used rRNA sequence)