Lecture 1 - 4: Revision questions from Susan

Give 3 improtant characteristics of a mammal

• homeothermic - maintain a constant body temperature

• hair covering the body

• variety of teeth

• mammary glands to feed young

Echidnas and platypus belong to which sub-class?

Monotremes

Which subclass of mammals have a single vagina, large uterus and suckle young with milk after birth?

Placental mammals

Which subclass, monotremes or placentals have the largest eggs?

Monotremes

Which subclass contains the greatest number of species?

Placental mammals

Write a definiton for the term digestion

Food is broken down from large food molecules to smaller food molecules increasing the surface area which can be absorbed into the blood

Why do organisms need food?

Energy for metabolic processes, growth and repair

During digestion proteins are broken into

amino acids

Give an example of mechanical digestion

• The teeth cutting and grinding food or the muscles of the stomach churning food

Amylases, proteases and lipases are all types of

Enzymes

Where in the digestive system does most of the absorption of food occur?

In the ileum of the villi located in the small intestine

Where is bile produced and what is its function?

Produced in the liver and helps breakdown lipids into smaller pieces

What is the function of the villi and where are they found?

Located in the smalll intestine - increases the surface area

Name the type of tooth that is pointed and used for tearing

canines

Which groups of feeders have large caecum and long colons?

herbivores

Give 3 functions of the skeleton

• Protects internal organelles

• Supports weight

• Attachment of muscles

• Production of blood cells

Name the large bone in the upper leg

Femur

What is the function of a ligament?

Joins bone to bone

What is the function of cartilage?

Cushions bone ends and acts as a shock absorber

What is the difference between bone and cartilage in terms of its structure?

• Cartilage has more collagen and less calcium phosphate

Why can bone be described as a living tissue?

Contains living cells and it can repair itself

In a moveable jointnlike the knee what is the function of the synovial fluid

Lubricates the joints

Cartilage

Protects the ends of the bone acting as a shock absorber. The cartilage is smooth and slippery and allows easier movement