Disorders Associated with the Immune System

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to disorders of the immune system, focusing on hypersensitivity, immunodeficiencies, and related mechanisms.

Hypersensitivity

An antigenic response beyond normal levels, such as allergies.

Anaphylaxis

A severe, potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction occurring after re-exposure to an antigen.

IgE

Immunoglobulin E, an antibody involved in allergic reactions and anaphylaxis.

Degranulation

The release of chemical mediators from mast cells and basophils.

Immunodeficiency

A condition in which the immune response is inadequate or absent.

Type I Hypersensitivity

Immediate hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE antibodies.

Cytotoxic Reactions

Type II hypersensitivity reactions that involve cell destruction.

Immune Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions characterized by inflammatory complexes.

Delayed-Type Reactions

Type IV hypersensitivity reactions caused by T cell responses.

RhoGAM

A medication used to prevent hemolytic disease in Rh-negative mothers.

Arthus Reaction

A localized type III hypersensitivity reaction resulting in tissue inflammation.

Tuberculin Skin Test

A test used to detect delayed hypersensitivity to tuberculosis.

Histamine

A chemical mediator that increases blood vessel permeability and causes allergic symptoms.

Autoimmune Diseases

Conditions in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

Mast Cells

Cells that release mediators like histamine during allergic reactions.

Basophils

White blood cells that release histamine and play a role in allergic responses.

Antigen-Antibody Complex

Formed when antibodies bind to specific antigens, playing a role in immune responses.