Physical Science Chapter 7

Which of the following is luminous?

sun

A source of light given off as a result of high temps is said to be

Incandescent

An idealized material that absorbs and perfectly emits electromagnetic radiation is a

blackbody

Electromagnetic radiation is given off from matter at any temp. This radiation is called

blackbody radiation

Light interacts with matter by which process?

All of the above

Materials that do not allow the transmission of any light are called

Opaque

Light is said to travel in straight-line paths, as light rays, until it interacts with matter. A line representing the original ray before it interacts with matter is called a

Incident ray

The image you see in a mirror is

a virtual image

Refraction of light happens when light undergoes

a change of speed between two transparent materials

The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a transparent material is called the

index of refraction

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that our eyes can detect is

visible

The component colors of sunlight were first studied by

Newton

The color order of longer-wavelength to smaller-wavelength waves in the visible region is

Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet

The separation of white light into its component colors is

dispersion

Polarization of light is best explained by considering ligth to be

vibrating waves in one plane

Light in one plane is transmitted and light in all other planes is absorbed. This is

Selective absorption

The photoelectric effect is best explained by considering light to be

moving particles

The concept that vibrating molecules emit light in discrete amounts of energy, called quanta, was proposed by

Planck

The photoelectric effect was explained, using Planck’s work, by

Einstein

Today, light is considered to be packets of energy with a frequency related to its energy. These packets are called

Photons

Fiber optics transmits info using

light

A luminous object

produces light of its own by any method

An object is hot enough to emit a dull red glow. When this object is heated even more, it will emit

shorter-wavelength, high-frequency radiation

The difference in the light emitted from a candle, an incandescent lightbulb, and the Sun is basically due to differences in

Temperatures

You are able to see in shaded areas, such as under a tree, because light has undergone

diffuse reflection

An image that is not produced by light rays coming from the image but is the result of your brain’s interpretations of light rays is called a

virtual image

Any part of the electromagnetic spectrum, including the colors of visible light, can be measured in units of

any of the above

A prism separates the colors of sunlight into a spectrum because

each wavelength of light has its own index of refraction

Which of the following can only be explained by a wave model of light?

Interference

The polarization behavior of light is best explained by considering light to be

transverse waves

Max Planck made the revolutionary discovery that the energy of vibrating molecules involved in blackbody radiation existed only in

multiples of certain fixed accounts

Today, light is considered to be

a small-scale phenomenon without a sharp distinction between particle and wave properties

As the temperature of an incandescent object is increased,

more radiation is emitted with a shift to higher frequencies

Is it possible to see light without the light interacting with matter?

no

The electromagnetic wave model defines an electromagnetic wave as having

all of the above

Of the following, the electromagnetic wave with the shortest wavelength is

X-rays

Of the following, the electromagnetic wave with the lowest energy is

radio wave

Green grass reflects

green light

Green grass absorbs

all light but green light

We see a blue sky because

Scattering of light by air molecules and dust is more efficient when its wavelength is shorter

A pencil is placed in a glass of water. The pencil appears to be best. This is an example of

refraction

A one-way mirror works because it

reflects and transmits light at the same time

A mirage is the result of light being

refracted

A glass prism separates sunlight into a spectrum of colors because

shorter wavelengths are refracted the most

Polaroid sunglasses work best in eliminating glare because

reflected light is polarized in a horizontal direction only

The condition of farsightedness, or hyperopia, can be corrected with a

convex lens

Today, light is considered to be a stream of photons with a frequency related to its energy. This relationship finds that

Higher-frequency light has more energy

An instrument that produces a coherent beam of single-frequency, in-phase light is a

laser

The special theory of relativity is

an analysis of how space and time are changed by motion

The general theory of relativity explains

gravity as a change of space and time

Comparing measurements made on the ground to measurements made in a very fast airplane would find that

All of the above are true