Software Quality & Process Management – Review Flashcards

29 question-and-answer flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on software quality, process management, Scrum, ITIL, COBIT, DMAIC, PDCA, IDEAL, and related standards.

In DMAIC, which phase focuses on identifying roadblocks, root causes, inefficiencies, and other improvement opportunities?

The Analyze phase.

SCRUM belongs to which overarching development category?

Agile.

Which COBIT domain handles the actual delivery, security, continuity, and training aspects of IT services?

Delivery and Support.

Which company proposed the ETVX (Entry-Task-Verification-Exit) model?

IBM.

In SCRUM, who owns and prioritizes the Product Backlog?

The Product Owner.

Which ISO standard specifies the requirements for a quality-management system that governs processes affecting product and service quality?

ISO 9001.

What is the maximum duration of a Sprint in SCRUM?

One month (up to 4 weeks).

When is the Sprint Review meeting held?

At the end of each Sprint.

Who provides product feedback during the Sprint Review?

Stakeholders (e.g., customers, users, Product Owner representatives).

What does ITIL stand for?

Information Technology Infrastructure Library.

How many core components are in the ITIL v3 service-lifecycle?

Five core components.

Quality Planning, Error Proofing, Capability Evaluations, and Quality Education & Training fall under which cost-of-quality category?

Prevention Cost.

In DMAIC, what does the letter “A” represent?

Analyze.

Which ITIL process controls and manages changes to IT services?

Change Management.

In an IDEF3 model, a Unit-of-Behavior is represented by which shape?

A box (UOB box).

List the classic sequential stages of software development.

Requirements → Analysis → Design → Coding → Testing → Deployment / Maintenance.

Explain the four parts of the ETVX model.

E – Entry criteria; T – Tasks to perform; V – Verification/Validation of the tasks; X – Exit criteria to complete the activity.

Define quality management.

Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling all activities and processes to ensure products or services consistently meet customer requirements and organizational standards.

What is software process improvement?

A systematic effort to plan, organize, and control software-development steps so they better satisfy customer needs and business goals.

Name the four steps of the PDCA cycle.

Plan, Do, Check, Act.

In which PDCA phase is the problem defined and data collected?

The Plan phase.

What is the full form of CMMI?

Capability Maturity Model Integration.

State the "Conditions for Change" formula.

Change occurs when D × V × F > R (Dissatisfaction × Vision × First steps exceeds Resistance).

Why is the framework called ITIL?

It originated as a ‘library’ of best practices for managing Information Technology Infrastructure, created by the UK’s CCTA to improve IT service quality.

Why is the framework called COBIT?

“COBIT” stands for Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology, highlighting its focus on IT control and governance.

Give the typical steps in an organizational process-improvement initiative.

Organize & prioritize → Assess current process → Design the process → Develop an improvement plan → Measure improvement and iterate.

Briefly describe each IDEAL model phase (I, D, E, A, L).

Initiating – lay groundwork; Diagnosing – analyze current vs. desired state; Establishing – plan improvements; Acting – implement and pilot changes; Learning – capture lessons and institutionalize.

Name two major advantages of using Scrum.

1) Adaptability & flexibility through iterative sprints; 2) Faster time-to-market via frequent delivery of working increments (also promotes collaboration, quality, and customer satisfaction).

Summarize the key activities in each PDCA step.

Plan – gather data, analyze issues, plan changes & metrics; Do – implement and monitor changes; Check – compare results with expectations; Act – standardize successful changes and begin next cycle.