PLTW 2.2.1-2.2.5

the nervous system contains

brain, spinal cord, and nerves

the nervous system is responsible for...

receiving, interpreting, and reacting to signals from inside and outside the body

frontal lobe is

responsible for planning and organizing incoming information
- controls behavior & emotion

temporal lobe is

used for processing language and storing information in the long-term memory

parietal lobe is

crucial in integrating sensory and visual information

occipital lobe is

receives and processes sensory and nerve impulses from the eyes

traumatic brain injury

a brain dysfunction caused by an outside force to the head

chronic traumatic encephalopathy

a progressive degenerative, and/or death of nerve cells caused by repeated head injuries

what is a concussion?

an injury to the head that causes the brain to quickly move back and forth

short term effects of a concussion:

- headache
-dizziness
-memory defects
-sensitivity to light or noise
-ringing in the ears
-emotional irregularities
-nausea

what are the potential long-term effects of a concussion?

long term deficits

arteries are responsible for...

carrying blood away from the heart

veins are responsible for...

returning blood back to the heart

agina

a chest pain or discomfort caused when your heart doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood

atherosclerosis

refers to the build-up of fats or other substances in or on your artery wall (plaque)

myocardial infarction

a blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle (heart attack)

aortic valve stenosis

narrowing of the valve in the large blood vessel branching off the heart

patent foramen ovale

a hole in the heart that didn't close all the way it should have after birth

congestive heart failure

a chronic condition when the heart doesn't pump blood as well as it should

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

a condition that causes the heart muscle to become thick; makes it hard for the heart to pump blood

bacterial endocarditis

the inflammation of the inner linings of your heart chambers and valves; usually caused by infection

what happens to tissues if oxygenated blood isn't delivered in a timely manner

the tissues start to die because the cells will be derived of oxygen

nervous system includes...

brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors

digestive system includes...

oral cavity, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, stomach

digestive system

breaks down food into its nutrients molecules; absorbs nutrients; rids the body of waste

algor mortis

the change in body temperature after death

rigor mortis

the stiffening of joints and muscles after death

livor mortis

pooling of the body following death that causes a purplish red discoloration of the skin; also referred to as lividity

immediately after death

the body begins cooling or heating to match the temperature of the body's surroundings; this postmortem change is known as algor mortis

first several hours of death

clouding of the corneas

2-4 hours after death

the muscles contract and stiffen; this is known as rigor mortis; observed in the head and neck and moves to the arms and legs

8-12 hours after death

blood settles or collects on the parts of the body facing the ground; the bluish color on the skin where this blood pools is known as livor mortis or lividity

36-48 hours after death

decomposition; the body turns greenish in color and may swell or bloat

24-48 hours after death

insect activity occurs when the presence of insect eggs, larva, or full-grown bugs

the glaister equation

98.4 - rectal temperature / 1.5 = apx hours since death

what is a toxin

a poisonous substance that is harmful or deadly

what is the main function of the digestive system

to break down the food you eat

oral cavity

the mouth, where food enter; accessory organ which aids in digestion include teeth, tongue, and salivary gland

esophagus

a muscular tube the transports food from oral cavity to the stomach

stomach

a muscular sac that contains acids and enzymes and contradicts to break down food

large intestine

shorter and wider than the small intestine, it reabsorbs water and forms feces to be released from the body

small intestine

between the stomach and the large intestine, breaks down food into molecules and absorbs digested nutrients

what is 1

frontal lobe

what is 2

parietal lobe

what is 3

temporal lobe

what is 4

occipital lobe

what is 5

brain stem

what is 6

cerebellum

this MRI shows

Normal Brain

this MRI shows

Traumatic Brain Injury

this MRI shows

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

What does a toxicologist do?

A person in the study of poisonous substances and their effects upon body parts.

What is histology?

The study of microscopic anatomy of tissues

Which vessel does blood flow from the right ventricle

Blood flows to the pulmonary artery

What valve is between LA and LV

Mitral valve

Superior Vena Cava

A

Right Pulmonary Artery

B

Right Pulmonary Vein

C

Right Atrium

D

Tricuspid Valve

E

Right Ventricle

F

Pulmonary Valve

K

Left Atrium

L

Left Ventricle

I

Inferior Vena Cava

G

Aorta

O

Septum

H

Left Pulmonary Vein

M

Left Pulmonary Artery

N

Mitral Valve

J

Anna’s toxicology result

-caffeine 10mg/L
-Aspirin 20mg/L

Superior Vena Cava to

Right Atrium

Right Atrium through

Tricuspid Valve

Tricuspid valve to

Right Ventricle

Right ventricle to

Pulmonary valve

Pulmonary valve to

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary artery to

Pulmonary vein

Pulmonary vein to

Left atrium

Left atrium to

Mitral valve

Mitral valve to

Left ventricle

Left ventricle to

Aortic valve

Aortic valve to

Aorta