Microbiology JALC 4 Categories of prokaryotic cells

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5 Terms

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archaea

  • cells with pseudomurein cell walls

  • extremophiles that live in very hot/cold/salty/poisonous environments

  • group of prokaryotes that contain no known pathogens

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gram negative

  • bacteria that are magenta or red in gram stain

  • thin peptidoglycan layer

  • two membranes - cell and outer membrane

  • contain lipopolysaccharide

  • cell wall located in periplasmic space

  • have endotoxin

  • more resistant to chemicals

  • release goo-ey DNA strings in KOH test

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gram positive

  • purple in gram stain

  • thick peptidoglycan layer

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mycobacteria

  • contain mycolic acid

  • contain a waxy cell wall

  • identified by acid-fast stain

  • cause TB and Leprosy

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mycoplasma

  • sterols in cell membrane

  • no cell wall

  • cause “walking” bacterial pneumonia and may play a role In heart disease