Intro to TCP/IP Networking

Which of the following protocols are examples of TCP/IP

transport layer protocols? (Choose two answers).

a. Ethernet

b. HTTP

c. IP

d. UDP

e. SMTP

f. TCP

UDP

TCP

Which of the following protocols are examples of TCP/IP

data-link layer protocols? (Choose two answers)

*a. Ethernet

b. HTTP

c. IP

d. UDP

e. SMTP

f. TCP

g. PPP

PPP

The process of HTTP asking TCP to send some data and

making sure that it is received correctly is an example

of what?

a. same-layer interaction

b. adjacent-layer interaction

c. OSI model

d. all of these are correct

adjacent-layer interaction

The process of TCP on one computer marking a TCP segment

as segment 1, and the receiving computer then

acknowledging the receipt of TCP segment 1 is an example

of what?

a. Data encapsulation

b. Same-layer interaction

c. Adjacent-layer interaction

d. OSI model

e. All of these answers are correct

Same-layer interaction

The process of a web server adding a TCP header to the

contents of a web page, followed by adding an IP headers

and then adding a data-link header and trailer, is an

example of what?

a. data encapsulation

b. same-layer interaction

c. OSI model

d. all of these answers are correct.

data encapsulation

Which of the following terms is used specifically to

identify the entity created when encapsulating data

inside data-link layer headers and trailers?

a. data

b. chunk

c. segment

d. frame

e. packet

frame

Which OSI encapsulation term can be used instead of the

term frame?

a. Layer 1 PDU

b. Layer 2 PDU

c. Layer 3 PDU

d. Layer 5 PDU

e. Layer 7 PDU

Layer 2 PDU

Example protocols of this TCP/IP layer are:

HTTP,POP3,SMTP

a. application

b. transport

c. network

d. data link & physical

application

Example protocols of this TCP/IP layer are: TCP,UDP

a. application

b. transport

c. network

d. data link & physical

transport

Example protocols of this TCP/IP layer are: IP, ICMP

a. application

b. transport

c. network

d. data link & physical

network

Example protocols of this TCP/IP layer are: Ethernet,

802.11 (Wi-Fi)

a. application

b. transport

c. network

d. data link & physical

data link & physical

Which of the following best describes the role of the

application layer in a network model?

A. It defines the structure and behavior of the

application itself.

B. It manages the physical transmission of data across

the network.

C. It defines services that applications need, but not

the application itself.

D. It handles error detection and correction at the data

link level.

It defines services that applications need, but not the application itself.

Why does TCP include an error-recovery feature?

A) To encrypt data before transmission

B) To ensure faster data transfer across networks

C) To guarantee delivery of data by using acknowledgments to recover from errors

D) To allow multiple applications to share the same network connection

To guarantee delivery of data by using acknowledgments to recover from errors

What does TCP do when a message with a specific sequence number is not received by the recipient?

A) It encrypts the remaining messages to prevent data loss.

B) It ignores the missing message and continues transmission.

C) It sends a new message with a different sequence number.

D) It uses acknowledgments to request the sender to retransmit the missing message.

It uses acknowledgments to request the sender to retransmit the missing message.

What does the concept of adjacent-layer interaction in

networking refer to?

A) Communication between devices on different networks

B) How protocols at the same layer interact across different computers

C) How adjacent layers on the same computer work together to provide services

D) The encryption of data between application and transport layers

How adjacent layers on the same computer work together to provide services

What does the concept of same-layer interaction in

networking refer to?

A) How adjacent layers on the same computer collaborate to provide services

B) How different layers on different computers share encryption keys

C) How the same layer on two different computers communicates using headers

D) How the physical layer transmits data to the application layer

How the same layer on two different computers communicates using header

What does same-layer interaction refer to in a networking

model?

A) The collaboration between adjacent layers on the same device

B) The communication between identical layers on different devices using headers defined by that layer

C) The process of removing headers and trailers from received data

D) The transmission of physical signals over a network medium

The communication between identical layers on different devices using headers defined by that layer

What does the term "Protocol Data Unit (PDU)" refer to in

networking?

A) A complete set of headers and trailers from all layers

of a networking model

B) The physical signal used to transmit data over a cable

C) The header and encapsulated data defined by a

specific layer, excluding lower-layer headers and

trailers

D) A software application used to manage network

protocols

The header and encapsulated data defined by a specific layer, excluding lower-layer headers and trailers

What is a networking model in the context of computer

networks?

A) A physical device used to route data between networks

B) A software application that encrypts network traffic

C) A set of protocols and standards that enable devices

to communicate within a network

D) A diagram showing the physical layout of a network

A set of protocols and standards that enable devices to communicate within a network

Which of the following best describes the term "segment"

in the context of networking?

A) A unit of data used by the network layer that includes

IP headers and trailers

B) A data-link layer structure consisting of a header,

trailer, and encapsulated data

C) A transport layer unit in TCP that includes a TCP

header and encapsulated data, and may result from

breaking larger data into smaller pieces

D) A physical layer signal used to transmit bits over a

cable

A transport layer unit in TCP that includes a TCP

header and encapsulated data, and may result from

breaking larger data into smaller pieces

What does the term "packet" refer to in the context of

the OSI and TCP/IP models?

A) A data unit that includes headers and trailers from

all layers

B) A physical signal transmitted over the network medium

C) A logical grouping of bytes that includes the network

layer header and encapsulated data, excluding lower-layer

headers and trailers

D) A complete frame used by the data-link layer for

transmission

A logical grouping of bytes that includes the network

layer header and encapsulated data, excluding lower-layer

headers and trailers

What does the term "frame" refer to in the context of

networking?

A) A unit of data used by the transport layer to ensure

reliable delivery

B) A collection of IP addresses grouped by subnet

C) A data-link layer structure consisting of a header,

trailer, and encapsulated data

D) A visual representation of network topology

A data-link layer structure consisting of a header, trailer, and encapsulated data

What does encapsulation refer to in the context of

networking?

A) The process of encrypting data before transmission

B) The placement of higher-layer data inside the header

(and sometimes trailer) of the next-lower-layer protocol

C) The removal of headers and trailers from received data

D) The conversion of analog signals to digital format

The placement of higher-layer data inside the header (and sometimes trailer) of the next-lower-layer protocol

What does adjacent-layer interaction refer to in a

networking model?

A) Communication between identical layers on different

computers

B) How two adjacent layers on the same computer

collaborate, with the lower layer providing services to

the higher layer

C) The process of encrypting data before transmission

D) The routing of packets between different networks

How two adjacent layers on the same computer collaborate, with the lower layer providing services to the higher layer

What does the term "de-encapsulation" refer to in

networking?

A) The process of encrypting data before transmission

B) The process of combining multiple protocols into one

message

C) The process of interpreting and removing lower-layer

headers to reveal higher-layer data

D) The process of routing packets between different

networks

The process of interpreting and removing lower-layer headers to reveal higher-layer data

What does the term Protocol Data Unit (PDU) represent in

the OSI model?

A) A physical signal transmitted over the network

B) A generic term for encapsulated data including

headers, trailers, and payload at a specific layer

C) A type of encryption used at the presentation layer

D) A routing table used by the network layer

A generic term for encapsulated data including headers, trailers, and payload at a specific layer

Which of the following statements best describes the

relationship between the OSI and TCP/IP models?

A) They are identical in structure and function.

B) The OSI model is a simplified version of TCP/IP.

*C) TCP/IP is a practical implementation, while OSI is a

theoretical framework.

D) TCP/IP includes more layers than OSI.

TCP/IP is a practical implementation, while OSI is a theoretical framework.

In the TCP/IP model, which layer combines the functions

of the OSI model’s Application, Presentation, and Session

layers?

A) Transport

B) Internet

C) Network Access

D) Application

Application

Which OSI layer is responsible for data formatting and

encryption, and has no direct counterpart in the TCP/IP

model?

A) Presentation

B) Session

C) Application

D) Transport

Presentation

What is the primary function of the Transport layer in

both the OSI and TCP/IP models?

A) Routing packets between networks

B) Providing reliable data transfer between hosts

C) Encoding signals onto the transmission medium

D) Managing user interfaces

Providing reliable data transfer between hosts

Which layer of the OSI model corresponds to the Internet

layer in the TCP/IP model?

A) Transport

B) Network

C) Data Link

D) Application

Network

Which of the following correctly matches the terms used

for encapsulated data at different layers of the TCP/IP

model?

A) Segment – Network layer, Packet – Transport layer,

Frame – Application layer

B) Segment – Transport layer, Packet – Network layer,

Frame – Data-link layer

C) Segment – Data-link layer, Packet – Application layer,

Frame – Transport layer

D) Segment – Physical layer, Packet – Data-link layer,

Frame – Network layer

Segment – Transport layer, Packet – Network layer,

Frame – Data-link layer

Which of the following correctly describes the sequence

of encapsulation in the TCP/IP model?

A) Physical layer → Network layer → Transport layer →

Application layer

B) Application layer → Transport layer → Network layer →

Data-link layer → Physical layer

C) Transport layer → Application layer → Network layer →

Data-link layer

D) Network layer → Data-link layer → Application layer →

Physical layer

Application layer → Transport layer → Network layer →

Data-link layer → Physical layer

Which of the following best describes the concept of

encapsulation in the TCP/IP model?

A) The process of encrypting data before transmission

B) The method of combining multiple protocols into one

layer

C) The addition of headers (and sometimes trailers) by

each layer to the data from the layer above

D) The removal of headers and trailers from incoming data

The addition of headers (and sometimes trailers) by

each layer to the data from the layer above

What role does the data-link layer play in the TCP/IP

networking model?

A) It defines application-level services for end-user

programs.

B) It provides services to the network layer by handling

the transmission of packets to the next host or router.

C) It manages encryption and decryption of data across

the network.

D) It routes packets between different networks using IP

addresses.

It provides services to the network layer by handling

the transmission of packets to the next host or router.

Which of the following best describes the relationship

between the data-link and physical layers in the TCP/IP

model?

A) The data-link layer defines cabling standards, while

the physical layer handles error detection.

B) The physical layer defines how signals travel over

cables, and the data-link layer sets rules for sending

data over those cables.

C) The physical layer manages application protocols, and

the data-link layer handles encryption.

D) The data-link and physical layers operate

independently without interaction.

The physical layer defines how signals travel over

cables, and the data-link layer sets rules for sending

data over those cables.

What is the process called when a router forwards an IP

packet based on its destination address?

A) IP switching

B) IP routing

C) Packet encryption

D) Address translation

IP routing

Why does IP define addresses in a network?

A) To encrypt data before transmission

B) To assign identical identifiers to all devices

C) To uniquely identify each device and organize

addresses like postal codes

D) To ensure faster data transfer between routers

To uniquely identify each device and organize

addresses like postal codes

Which of the following statements best describes the

protocol distribution across the TCP/IP layers?

A) The application layer includes only TCP and UDP.

B) The transport layer includes many protocols, including

HTTP and FTP.

C) The network layer includes many major protocols,

including TCP and UDP.

D) The application layer includes many protocols, while

the transport and network layers include fewer, with TCP,

UDP, and IP being the most notable.

The application layer includes many protocols, while

the transport and network layers include fewer, with TCP,

UDP, and IP being the most notable.

What does RFC primarily refer to?

A. A series of technical and organizational documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

B. A programming language used for Internet development

C. A type of hardware component for Internet connectivity

D. A software application for managing Internet protocols

A series of technical and organizational documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

What does the term 'Networking model' refer to?

a. A generic term for any set of protocols and standards collected into a comprehensive grouping that allows devices in a network to communicate

b. A specific hardware device used for network connectivity

c. A software application for managing network traffic

d. A programming language designed for network development

A generic term for any set of protocols and standards collected into a comprehensive grouping that allows devices in a network to communicate

What is a protocol in the context of communication between devices?

a. A set of logical rules that devices must follow to communicate

b. A physical device used for network connectivity

c. A software application for managing data transmission

d. A programming language for Internet development

A set of logical rules that devices must follow to communicate