PT 509 Med Term Quiz Ch. 5-7

-ana

upward, excessive, again

a-

without

dys-

bad

frontal plane

divides the body into front and back portions

transverse plane

divides the body into upper and lower portions

sagittal plane

divides the body into right and left side.

Midsagittal plane

divides the body into two equal halves

-plasia

development or formation

anter/o

nearer to or toward the front; ventral (anterior)

poster/o

nearer to or toward the back; dorsal; situated behind (posterior)

ventr/o

belly side; same as anterior surface in humans (ventral)

dors/o

directed toward or situated on the back side; same as posterior surface in humans (dorsal)

medi/o

middle or nearer the middle; the prefix mid- also means middle (medial, median)

later/o

toward the side; denoting a position farther from the midline of the body or from a structure (lateral)

super/o

uppermost or above (superior)

infer/o

lowermost or below (inferior)

proxim/o

nearer the origin or point of attachment (proximal)

dist/o

far or distant from the origin or point of attachment (distal)

cepahl/o

toward the head (cephalad)

caud/o

toward the tail or in an inferior direction in humans (caudad)

intern/o

inside, within

extern/o

external, on the outside

Recumbent

lying down

ambulation

means walking

abdomin/o

abdomen

acr/o

extremities (arms and legs)

blephar/o

eyelid

cyst/o

cyst, bladder, or sac

dactyl/o

digits (toes, fingers or both)

lapar/o

abdominal wall

omphal/o, umbilic/o

umbilicus, navel

onych/o

nail

pelv/i

pelvis

periton/o

peritoneum (serous membrane lining abdominal region and organs)

som/a, somat/o

body

thorac/o

chest (thorax)

crin/o, -crine

to secrete

dacry/o, lacrim/o

tear, tearing, crying

ascities

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

plantar

sole, or undersurface, of the foot

palmar

pertaining to the palm

-emia

condition of the blood

hem/o, hemat/o

blood

hidr/o

sweat or perspiration

hydr/o

water

lymph/o

lymph (sometimes refers to the lymphatics)

muc/o

mucus

-poiesis

production

-poietin

substance that causes production

py/o

pus

sial/o

saliva (sometimes refers to salivary glands)

ur/o

urine (sometimes refers to the urinary tract)

coagul/o

coagulation (clotting)

cyt/o

cell

erythro

red

immun/o

immune

leuk/o

white

thromb/o

clot, thrombus

4 types of connective tissue

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

-osis

- generally "increased" or "abnormal" when describing cellular components

-penia

deficiency

-crani/o

cranium (skull)

-cost/o

costa (rib)

-stern/o

sternum (breastbone)

rachi/o, spin/o

spine, backbone

spondyl/o, vertebr/o

vertebrae (spinal bones)

clavicul/o

clavicle (collar bone)

scapul/o

scapula (shoulder blade)

humer/o

humerus (upper arm bone)

radi/o

radius (lower arm bone)

uln/o

ulna (lower arm bone)

carp/o

carpals (wrist bones)

metacarp/o

metacarpals (hand bones)

ili/o

ilium

ischi/o

ischium

pub/o

pubis

femor/o

femur (thigh bone)

patell/o

patella (kneecap)

fibul/o

fibula (lower leg bone)

tibi/o

tibia (shin bone)

tars/o

hind foot, ankle (7 bones)

calcane/o

calcaneus (heel bone)

metatars/o

metatarsals (foot bones)

phalang/o

phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes)

compound fracture

bone broken, and protrudes through opening in skin

simple fracture

bone broken, but does not protrude through skin

strain

muscle injury caused by excessive use of body part

dislocation

displacement of a bone from a joint

ankyl/o

stiff

arthr/o

articulation, joint

-asthenia

weakness

burs/o

bursa, sac of fluid near joint

spondyl/o

vertebra

-centesis

surgical puncture

calc/i

Calcium

cellul/o

little cell or compartment

chondr/o

cartilage

de-

down, from, or reversing

meta-

change or next in a series

-sarcoma

malignant tumor of connective tissue