AP US History Unit 4

Barbary Pirates

US government paying towards the barbary states of North Africa for protection for American merchant ships

* Negotiated for reduced payment

Thomas Jefferson

Elected for the third US President in 1800s

Democratic Republicans

Less government (not constructed yet), strict constructionist view, the federal government only did which is only mentioned in the constitution

Louisiana Purchase

Jefferson wanted to gain shipping rights in New Orleans

Sold Louisiana for 15 million dollars

* Monroe bought the deal

Lewis and Clark

occurred around the early 1800s with the Louisiana Territory with the exploration, who?

John Marshall

chief justice

Marbury v. Madison

* 1803

Adams ensured that the federalists influence in courts but James Madison did not deliver the appointments

Judicial Review

Check on executives for the judiciary act as unconstitutional. Allowing them to gain more power

Mcculloch v. Maryland

Federal law to state law

War of 1812

French and the British were at war

* their American merchant ships were seized

British Impressment

British ships captured Americans and forced to serve in the royal army

Hartford Convention

* federalists
* New England secede (break relationship) with the union

Era of Good Feelings

national unity under the democratic republicans since there was no national bank, no infrastructure or transportation

Henry Clay’s American System

1. Federally funded internal improvements - disadvantage the South
2. Protective Tariffs (taxes on imported goods)
3. Re-establish Bank of the US

Westward Expansion

the push toward west coast of North America

Missouri Compromise

Clay brought Missouri is a slave state and Maine considered a free state and free territory occured in 1819

Adam Onis Treaty

Spain sold Florida

Monroe Doctrine of 1823

Americans getting the control in the western hemisphere, no relations with Europeans Nations

Market Revolution

linking of northern and southern with farms created with agriculture, communication, and transportation

Cotton Gin

crop that includes the seperation of seeds and cotton fiber

American System of Manufacturing

with machines, labor, and tasks for its workers, mass production

Germany and Ireland

leading to the expansion of cheap labor which northern industries

Panic of 1819

First major US recession

irresponsible banking practices and decreased demand for exports

Election of 1824

the separation of democratic republican party

National Republicans

* Expansion of federal power
* John Adam & Henry Clay

Democrats

* Restrictive views of federal power
* Strict constructionists
* Andrew Jackson winner for president

Demorats vs. Whigs (Henry Clay)

difference in federal power

Nullification

prevents the operation and enforcements within its territory of laws that found out it constitutional

* Jackson voted the second bank of the United States

Indian Removal Act of 1830

with American Indians tribes East migrating towards the land in the West through the Mississippi River

Transcendentalism

influenced by European Romanticism with human perfectibility