Stage 1 Physics SACE energy and momentum

What is work?

Work is the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object and causes it to move over a distance.

How can work be calculated?

Work can be calculated using the formula W = ∆E, where W is the work done, and ∆E is the change in energy of the object.

What is the formula for work when the displacement is along the same direction as the force?

When the displacement is along the same direction as the force, work can be calculated using the formula W = Fs, where F is the applied force and s is the displacement.

What is energy transfer?

Energy transfer refers to the process of energy being transferred from one object to another.

What are some examples of different forms of energy?

Some examples of different forms of energy include kinetic energy (energy of motion) and potential energy (energy stored in an object due to its position or condition).

What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

The formula for calculating kinetic energy is EK = 1/2 mv^2, where EK is the kinetic energy, m is the mass of the object, and v is its velocity.

What is the formula for calculating potential energy?

The formula for calculating potential energy is Ep = mgh, where Ep is the potential energy, m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the object.

How does energy transfer occur within different mechanical systems?

Energy transfer can occur within different mechanical systems through various mechanisms such as mechanical work, heat transfer, and electromagnetic radiation.

What happens to energy in an isolated system?

In an isolated system, energy is conserved, meaning it cannot be created or destroyed, but can only be transferred from one object to another.

How can problems involving energy transfers be solved?

Problems involving energy transfers can be solved using the principle of conservation of energy, which states that the total energy before and after the transfer remains constant.

What is power?

Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is used.

What is the formula for calculating power?

The formula for calculating power is P = W/t or P=Fv, where P is the power, W is the work done, and t is the time taken.

What is energy efficiency?

Energy efficiency is a measure of how effectively energy is used, comparing the useful energy or power to the total energy or power.

What is the formula for calculating energy efficiency?

The formula for calculating energy efficiency is efficiency = (useful energy/total energy) × 100 = (useful power/total power) × 100.

What is momentum?

Momentum is a property of moving objects that depends on their mass and velocity.

How can momentum be calculated?

Momentum can be calculated using the formula p = mv, where p is the momentum, m is the mass of the object, and v is its velocity.

How is momentum transferred?

Momentum can be transferred from one object to another when a force acts on the objects over a time interval.

What is the rate of change of momentum?

The rate of change of momentum of an object with respect to time is equal to the net force acting upon that object, expressed as F = (∆p)/∆t.

What is impulse?

Impulse is equal to the product of force and time, and it represents the change in momentum of an object.

How can problems involving changes in momentum and impulse be solved?

Problems involving changes in momentum and impulse can be solved using Newton's Second Law in the form of F = (∆p)/∆t.

What does the area under a graph of force against time represent?

In a graph of force against time, the area under the graph represents the impulse, which is equal to the change in momentum of the object.

What is the conservation of momentum?

In an isolated system, the total momentum is conserved.

How can the conservation of momentum be used?

To solve problems in a variety of contexts.

What is an elastic collision?

A collision where the total initial kinetic energy equals the total final kinetic energy.

What is an inelastic collision?

A collision where some kinetic energy is transformed, but not all.

What are the differences between elastic and inelastic collisions?

Elastic collisions have total initial and final kinetic energy equal, while inelastic collisions have some kinetic energy transformed.

What are the energy transformations during elastic and inelastic collisions?

In elastic collisions, there is no energy transformation. In inelastic collisions, some kinetic energy is transformed into other forms of energy.