History End of WWII to Cold War.

Foreign Policy

Plans and actions a nation takes in every aspect of its relationships with other countries.

Isolationism

A purposeful refusal to become involved in the affairs of the rest of the world.

Internationalism

Principle or practice of nations acting and working together to advance common interests.

June 1941

Germany invades the Soviet Union and breaks the non-aggression pact. Soon after, joined the allies.

December 7, 1941

Attack on Pearl Harbor, US joins the world war 2.

Communism

A political ideology in which everyone is equal. Everyone receives equal pay, equal amounts of food. Public ownerships, or the government owns all businesses.

Capitalism

A political ideology in which there is free market and private ownership. There is competition and no monopolies are allowed hence the competition.

Totalarianism

government that exerts total control over the nation and citizens that live in it.

Democracy

A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them.

President's role in foreign policy

Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, and receives ambassadors as the head-of-state. Not in need of Congress declaration of war to send troops oversea.

Congress' role in foreign policy

Can declare war. Must approve of the ambassadors. Funds foreign policy, but can cut or increase the budget. Can limit when troops are sent to different nations, can set acts to limit presidents.

Secretary of state role in foreign policy

Appointed by the President with Senate approval. Carries out Presidents' foreign policy. Organizes bureaus around the world. Ensure US protection.

Feburary 1945

Yalta Conference- Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill. Germany would have to pay reparations. Joseph Stalin pledged for free election in Poland. Declaration of Liberated Europe. USSR joins US in defeating Japan.

July 1945

Potsdam Conference- Clement Atlee, Harry S. Truman, Joseph Stalin. Disagreement about reparations USSR wanted, England and US afraid they would repeat what would happened at Treaty of Versailles. Stalin went back on pledge for free election.

August 6, 1945

Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima

VE Day

May 8, 1945; victory in Europe Day when the Germans surrendered

VJ Day

"Victory over Japan day" is the celebration of the Surrender of Japan, which was initially announced on August 15, 1945

Post-War Russia

Wants to rebuild itself. Wanted 20 million in machinery and raw materials as reparation.

Post-war United States

Wanted to rebuild Europe, rather than take reparations.

Iron Curtain

A political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region

Bretton Woods Conference

The conference in which the discussion of rebuilding Europe and Japan.

Molotov Plan

1947, USSR's answered the USA Marshall Plan, and wanted to rebuild itself. They wanted to take Eastern Europe in return would receive protection, but could not trade with capitalist nations. The Axis powers would have to pay reparations toward the USSR.

Marshall Plan

A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Europe received 130 billion dollars in todays money.

Roosevelt's Four Freedoms

1st freedom, Freedom of speech and expression, globally
2nd freedom, People have the right to their own religion, globally.
3rd freedom, No discrimination in terms of work, working hard=more pay
4th freedom, Reduced weapons, in which no nations will commit acts of physical aggression towards other neighboring countries.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Freedom and equal rights across all nations. Freedom of speech. Freedom of religion. Human rights should be protected by the law. Friendly relations between nations. Right to education. Democracy should represent freedom.