English Grammar Fundamentals

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the English grammar review lecture.

Complete Sentence

A sentence composed of a subject + verb that ends with punctuation (.?!).

Subject-Verb Agreement

The grammar rule where singular subjects take s and plural subjects take no s.

Subject Pronouns

Pronouns that function as the subject: I, you, he, she, it, we, they.

Object Pronouns

Pronouns that function as objects: me, you, him, her, it, us, them.

Possessive Adjectives

Adjectives that show ownership: my, your, his, her, its, our, their.

Possessive Pronouns

Pronouns that show ownership: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs.

Progressive Tenses

Verb tenses formed using Be + verb ing.

Modals

Auxiliary verbs including: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would.

Adjective

Describes a noun (e.g., a fast car).

Adverb

Describes a verb, adjective, or other adverb (e.g., He drove fast). Usually ends in -ly.

Participial Phrases

Phrases starting with an ing or ed verb acting like an adjective that describes a noun (e.g., Barking loudly, the dog chased the cat.).

Past Verb Tense

Indicates something that happened before (e.g., walked).

Present Verb Tense

Indicates something happening now (e.g., walks).

Future Verb Tense

Indicates something that will happen later (e.g., will walk).

Perfect Tense Verbs

Verb forms constructed with have/has/had + verb 3.