HLTH101 Notes Flashcards

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31 Terms

1

Economic instability leads to addiction by:

Increasing vulnerability to maladaptive coping mechanisms

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2

Lower education leads to higher or lower rates of addiction?

Higher rates of addiction

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3

If substance abuse is normalized in a person’s community:

It can increase their likelihood of substance abuse

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4

Why do racialized people often experience addiction?

  • Intergenerational trauma

  • Stress due to systemic inequalities leading to maladaptive coping mechanisms

  • Racial profiling makes it harder to get care

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5

Prescription opioid prevalence increased in:

1990s-2000s when pharmaceutical companies aggressively marketed opioids for pain management

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6

The transition to illicit opioids began in:

mid-2000s

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7

Examples of illicit opioids

heroin, fentanyl

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8

When was fentanyl declared a public health emergency? What percentage of opioid-related deaths involved fentanyl at that time?

2016 ; 87%

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9

In 2024, there are __ deaths by fentanyl per day

21

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10

Characteristics of harm reduction

  • Minimizing negative consequences of drug use

  • Needle exchange programs

  • Safe (supervised) consumption sites

  • Naloxone distribution

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11

Define gender norms

Unwritten rules and standards that drive behaviour

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12

Health disparities for women

  • Higher rates of reproductive issues

  • High rates of untreated health conditions

  • Increased mental illness due to gender roles

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13

Health disparities for men

  • Masculinity norms discourage seeking care

  • Risky behaviours due to masculinity

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14

Define heteronormativity

The assumption of heterosexuality as the norm

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15

Define climate change

Long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric conditions

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16

Two main greenhouse gases

CO2 and MH4

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17

Human activities that contribute to climate change

  • Burning fossil fuels

  • Deforestation

  • Agriculture

  • Industrial process

  • Waste management

  • Transportation

  • Energy use

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18

Impacts of climate change on health

  • Heat-related illnesses/deaths

  • Cardiovascular and respiratory issues

  • Water and food safety

  • Displacement

  • Mental health

  • Increased risk of natural disasters

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19

Effects of climate change on low-income communities

  • Limited resources for adaptation

  • Too expensive to flee natural disasters

  • Cannot invest in proper protective infrastructure

  • Inadequate housing

    • Limited temperature control

    • Poor ventilation

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20

Which parts of homelessness are criminalized?

  • Loitering

  • Theft out of necessity

  • Public intoxication

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21

Why do marginalized groups often face higher rates of imprisonment?

Police disproportionately target these groups

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22

Define Strain Theory

When individuals can’t achieve socially approved goals, they try to survive in other ways.

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23

Define Social Disorganization Theory

Crime is more likely to occur in areas where social institutions are weak or ineffective

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24

Define Labelling Theory

Crime is the result of society labelling behaviours or individuals as deviant

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25

Define recidivism

the tendency of convicts to reoffend once released

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26

List some examples of health-centered criminal justice reforms

  • Shift from punitive responses to health-conscious responses

  • Integrating mental health and addiction care

  • Trauma-informed care

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27

Pros of defunding the police

  • Reinvestment in community-based health and social services

  • Addressing structural inequalities

  • Reduction in police violence

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28

Cons of defunding the police

  • Risk to public safety

  • Insufficient alternatives

  • Strain on other public services

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29

State the effect of neoliberalism on public health

  • Elected officials might be swayed by economic and political pressures.

  • Cuts to public services

  • Public health campaigns focus on the individual

  • Erosion of the welfare state

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30

List some misconceptions that impede proper health policy

  • Health is a personal responsibility

  • Health inequities are inevitable

  • Health policy only needs to focus on healthcare

  • Economic growth will solve health inequalities

  • Change is too expensive

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31

Which Canadian political party has most advocated for addressing the SDoH?

NDP

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