HLTH101 Notes Flashcards

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31 Terms

1
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Economic instability leads to addiction by:

Increasing vulnerability to maladaptive coping mechanisms

2
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Lower education leads to higher or lower rates of addiction?

Higher rates of addiction

3
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If substance abuse is normalized in a person’s community:

It can increase their likelihood of substance abuse

4
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Why do racialized people often experience addiction?

  • Intergenerational trauma

  • Stress due to systemic inequalities leading to maladaptive coping mechanisms

  • Racial profiling makes it harder to get care

5
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Prescription opioid prevalence increased in:

1990s-2000s when pharmaceutical companies aggressively marketed opioids for pain management

6
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The transition to illicit opioids began in:

mid-2000s

7
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Examples of illicit opioids

heroin, fentanyl

8
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When was fentanyl declared a public health emergency? What percentage of opioid-related deaths involved fentanyl at that time?

2016 ; 87%

9
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In 2024, there are __ deaths by fentanyl per day

21

10
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Characteristics of harm reduction

  • Minimizing negative consequences of drug use

  • Needle exchange programs

  • Safe (supervised) consumption sites

  • Naloxone distribution

11
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Define gender norms

Unwritten rules and standards that drive behaviour

12
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Health disparities for women

  • Higher rates of reproductive issues

  • High rates of untreated health conditions

  • Increased mental illness due to gender roles

13
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Health disparities for men

  • Masculinity norms discourage seeking care

  • Risky behaviours due to masculinity

14
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Define heteronormativity

The assumption of heterosexuality as the norm

15
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Define climate change

Long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric conditions

16
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Two main greenhouse gases

CO2 and MH4

17
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Human activities that contribute to climate change

  • Burning fossil fuels

  • Deforestation

  • Agriculture

  • Industrial process

  • Waste management

  • Transportation

  • Energy use

18
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Impacts of climate change on health

  • Heat-related illnesses/deaths

  • Cardiovascular and respiratory issues

  • Water and food safety

  • Displacement

  • Mental health

  • Increased risk of natural disasters

19
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Effects of climate change on low-income communities

  • Limited resources for adaptation

  • Too expensive to flee natural disasters

  • Cannot invest in proper protective infrastructure

  • Inadequate housing

    • Limited temperature control

    • Poor ventilation

20
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Which parts of homelessness are criminalized?

  • Loitering

  • Theft out of necessity

  • Public intoxication

21
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Why do marginalized groups often face higher rates of imprisonment?

Police disproportionately target these groups

22
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Define Strain Theory

When individuals can’t achieve socially approved goals, they try to survive in other ways.

23
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Define Social Disorganization Theory

Crime is more likely to occur in areas where social institutions are weak or ineffective

24
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Define Labelling Theory

Crime is the result of society labelling behaviours or individuals as deviant

25
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Define recidivism

the tendency of convicts to reoffend once released

26
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List some examples of health-centered criminal justice reforms

  • Shift from punitive responses to health-conscious responses

  • Integrating mental health and addiction care

  • Trauma-informed care

27
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Pros of defunding the police

  • Reinvestment in community-based health and social services

  • Addressing structural inequalities

  • Reduction in police violence

28
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Cons of defunding the police

  • Risk to public safety

  • Insufficient alternatives

  • Strain on other public services

29
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State the effect of neoliberalism on public health

  • Elected officials might be swayed by economic and political pressures.

  • Cuts to public services

  • Public health campaigns focus on the individual

  • Erosion of the welfare state

30
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List some misconceptions that impede proper health policy

  • Health is a personal responsibility

  • Health inequities are inevitable

  • Health policy only needs to focus on healthcare

  • Economic growth will solve health inequalities

  • Change is too expensive

31
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Which Canadian political party has most advocated for addressing the SDoH?

NDP