Basic Elements of Anatomy: Anat and Phys of Speech and Hearing Mechanisms

Axial/Traverse

Split into top and bottom halves

Coronal

Split into front/back halves

Sagittal

Split into left and right halves

Superior/Cephalic

Above

Inferior/Caudal

Below

Anterior/Ventral

Towards the front

Posterior/Dorsal

Towards the back

Lateral

Away from the middle

Medial

Towards the middle

Proximal

Towards there the limb is attached

Distal

Closer to the free end of a limb

Rostral

Towards the front part of the head

Organs of the respiratory system

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Organs of the nervous system

Brain, spinal cord, sensory organs (eyes, ears, nose), nerves

Digestive system

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, appendix

Four Basic Tissues for Speech

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

Epithelial tissue

Sheets of tissue that cover the external surface of the body, interior cavities, tubes, and passageways to the exterior.

Connective Tissues

Connect structures together, support the body, and aid in body maintenance

Muscle

Specialized tissue that has contractile and conducting properties. Produces movement, maintain posture, and generate heat.

Nervous System

Tissue found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Coordinates and controls the body.