AP SPANISH LITERATURE

Conde Lucanor (De lo que aconteció a un mancebo que se casó con una mujer muy fuerte y muy brava)

(Unit 1 - La época medieval)

Author: Don Juan Manuel (1282 - 1348, Spanish prince and writer)

Literary Terms:

- Metacuento (story within story)

- Moraleja (didactic, something that is meant to teach a moral)

- Hipérbole

- Fábula (a fable, fictional story that conveys a moral)

Romance de la pérdida de Alhama

(Unit 1 - La época medieval)

Author: Anónimo from Spain (1500)

Literary Terms:

- Romance

- Rima asonante en versos pares (repetition of vowel sounds)

- Verso octosílabo

- ln medias res ( in the middle of action)

- Estribillo (“Ay de mi Alhama!”)

Lazarillo de Tormes

(Unit 2 - El Siglo XVI, Renacimiento y la Inquisición española)

Author: Anónimo from Spain (1554)

Literary Terms:

- Protagonista

- Antihéroe (a protagonist, a hero, without the glorious characteristics of a hero)

- Narratorio

- Narrador fidedigno o no fidedigno (a consistent and trustworthy author or not)

- Narrador en primera persona o limitado

- Hipérbole

- Punto de vista

- Flashback

- Alusión

- Alegoría (visual representation of something with didactic intents)

Visión de los vencidos "Los presagios, según los informantes de Sahagún"

(Unit 2 - El Siglo XVI, Colonialismo y el Renacimiento)

Author: Miguel León-Portilla (1926 - 2019, Mexican academic) and Unknown between 1558 - 1575

Literary Terms:

- Simbolismo

- lmágen

- Paralelismo

- Metáfora

- Ambigüedad

- Polisíndeton (mutiple repetitions of the same conjunction)

Segunda carta de relación

(Unit 2 - El Siglo XVI, Colonialismo y el Renacimiento)

Author: Hernán Cortés (1485 - 1547, Spanish conquerer)

Literary Terms:

- Narrador testigo (narrator who is an eyewitness)

- Narratorio

- Enumeración (listing, usually to add details)

- Polisíndeton (the repetition of the same conjunctions)

- Asíndeton (the absense of conjunctions)

Visión de los vencidos "Se ha perdido el pueblo mexica"

(Unit 2 - El Siglo XVI, Colonialismo y el Renacimiento)

Author: Miguel León-Portilla (1926 - 2019, Mexican academic)

Literary Terms:

- Apología (formal defense of an opinion)

- Imágen

- Cesura

- Tono

- Apóstrofe (speaking to an inanimate being)

Soneto XXIII ("En tanto que de rosa y azucena")

(Unit 2 - El Siglo XVI, Renacimiento)

Author: Garcilaso de Ia Vega (1498/1503 - 1536, Spanish poet)

Literary Terms:

- Apóstrofe (speaking to an inanimate being)

- Anáfora (word or expression is repeated at the beginning of a number of sentences)

- Rima consonante (repetition of consonant sounds)

- 2 cuartetos y 2 tercetos

- Endecasílabo

- Cromatismo (imagery of colors)

- Carpe diem

- Hipérbaton (change of order of words to one that is not usually used)

Soneto CLXVI ("Mientras por competir con tu cabello")

(Unit 3 - El Siglo XVII, Barroco)

Author: Luis de Góngora (Spanish Baroque lyric poet)

Literary Terms:

- Apóstrofe (talking to an inanimate object)

- Anáfora (word or expression is repeated at the beginning of a number of sentences)

- Rima consonante (repetition of vowel sounds)

- Cuarteto (stanzas of 4)

- Terceto (stanzas of 3)

- Endecasílabo (lines of 11 syllables)

- Cromatismo (imagery of colors)

- Carpe diem

- Memento mori

- Gradación (a sentence construction in which the last word (s) of one clause becomes the first of the next)

- Enumeración (listing in great extent and detail)

- Asíndeton (the absence of conjunctions)

- Hipérbaton (the swap of words from their usual order)

Salmo XVII ("Miré los muros de la patria mía")

(Unit 3 - El Siglo XVII, Barroco)

Author: Francisco de Quevedo (1580 - 1645, Spanish writer)

Literary Terms:

- Rima consonante (Rhymes in consonants)

- Cuarteto (Stanzas of 4)

- Terceto (Stanzas of 3)

- Endecasílabo (lines of 11 syllables)

- Memento mori

- Enumeración (listing in great extent and detail)

- Hipérbaton (the swap of words from their usual order)

Hombres necios que acusáis (Sátira Filosófica)

(Unit 3 - El Siglo XVII, Barroco)

Author: Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648 - 1695, Colonial Mexican writer)

Literary Terms:

- Cuarteto (Stanzas of 4)

- Octosílabo (lines of 8 syllables)

- Retruécano (pun)

- Paradoja (Seemingly absurd statement that is true)

- Antítesis (a statement that contrasts with previous propositions)

- Imagen

- Tono

- Aliteración (repetition of initial consonant sounds)

Don Quijote de la Mancha

(Unit 3 - El Siglo XVII, Barroco y primera novela moderna)

Author: Miguel de Cervantes (1547 - 1616, Spanish modern writer)

Literary Terms:

- Parodia (a comical imitation of a particular writer)

- Sátira (the ridicule of something)

- Intertextualidad (the relationship between texts, especially literary ones)

- Hipérbaton (the swap of words from their usual order)

- Metaficción (fiction that reminds readers of its artificiality)

- Hipérbole

- Héroe

- Antihéroe (a hero who does not possess glorious properties)

- Narrador fidedigno o no fidedigno (a reliable and trustworthy narrator or not)

El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de piedra

(Unit 3 - El Siglo XVII, Barroco)

Author: Tirso de Molina (1583 - 1648, Spanish writer)

Literary Terms:

- Escenario

- In medias res (In the middle of action)

- Estribillo

- Polimetría (use of lines and stanzas of different lengths)

- Diálogo

- Monólogo

- Acotación (stage commentary)

- Aparte (dialogue intended for the audience but not for other characters)

- Romance

- Redondilla (eight syllables lines, and a rhyme scheme of abba)

- Humor

- lronía

En una tempestad

(Unit 4 - Siglo XIX, Románticismo, Realismo y Naturalismo)

Author: José María Heredia (1803 - 1839, Cuban poet)

Literary Terms:

- Heptasílabo (lines of 7 syllables)

- Endecasílabo (lines of 11 syllables)

- Poema no estróflco

- Metonimia (something is refered to with an associated concept)

- Apóstrofe (speaking to an inanimate object)

- Aliteración (the repetition of the same initial consonant sounds)

- Prosopopeya (personification)

Rima LIII ("Volverán las oscuras golondrinas")

(Unit 4 - Siglo XIX, Románticismo)

Author: Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (1836 - 1870, Spanish poet)

Literary Terms:

- Paralelismo

- Anáfora (word or expression repeated in the beginning of sentences)

- Encabalgamiento (the combining of syllables (the ending of a line without punctuation so to be continued in the next)

- Pie quebrado (??? no idea what this is about)

- Hipérbaton (change of usual orders of words in a sentence)

- Exclamaciones

Las medias rojas

(Unit 4 - Siglo XIX, Realismo y Naturalismo)

Author: Emilia Pardo Bazán (1851 - 1821, Spanish writer)

Literary Terms:

- Descripción

- Ambiente

- Atmósfera

- Diálogo

- Narrador omnisciente (he who knows everything)

- Prosopopeya (personification)

- Regionalismos (loyalty to a certain region)

Nuestra América

(Unit 5 - Siglo XIX, Modernismo)

Author: José Martí (1853 - 1895, Cuban poet and philosopher)

Literary Terms:

- Metáfora

- Símil

- Símbolo

- Metonimia (refering to a figure by mentioning something closely associated)

- Hipérbole

- Tono

- Antítesis (propositions that oppose one another)

- Paradoja

A Roosevelt

(Unit 5 - Siglo XIX, el Modernismo)

Author: Rubén Darío (1867, 1916, Nicaraguan poet)

Literary Terms:

- lmagen

- Paradoja

- Antítesis (opposing propositions)

- Metonimia (refering to something by mentioning something closely associated)

- Verso libre (stanzas and lines with no structure)

- Símbolo

- Apóstrofe (addressing an inanimate audience)

- Prosopopeya (personification)

El hijo

(Unit 5 - Siglo XX Realismo y Naturalismo)

Author: Horacio Quiroga (1878 - 1937, Uruguayan writer and poet)

Literary Terms:

- Metaficción (fiction that reminds its audience of its artificiality)

- Desdoblamiento (unfolding action)

- Ambiente

- Prosopopeya (personification)

- Ambigüedad

- Fluir de conciencia (line of reasoning of a conscious being)

- Narrador fidedigno o no fidedigno (a consistent and trustworthy narrator or not)

San Manuel Bueno, Mártir

(Unit 5 - Siglo XX, La Generación del 98)

Author: Miguel de Unamuno (1864 - 1936, Spanish poet)

Literary Terms:

- Flashback

- Ambigüedad

- Narrador fidedigno o no fidedigno (trustworthy and consistent narrator or not)

- Símil

- Metáfora

- Símbolo

- Punto de vista

- Trama

- Desdoblamiento (folding into action)

- Metaficción (fiction that constantly reminds of its artificiality)

- Yuxtaposición (when two elements are compared side by side)

Romance

• Rima asonante en versos pares

• Usually historical and legendary

• Octosílabas (8 syllables)

• Estribillos

• Undefined length

Sonetos

• 14 lines total

• 2 cuartetos

• 2 tercetos

• ABBA ABBA CDC DCD

• Endecasílabas (11 sílabas)

• Main idea in 3rd and 4th stanzas

Medieval

Siglo XIV -XV

• Moralejos

Renacimiento

Siglo XV - XVI

• Carpe diem

• Muchos sonetos

• Inquisición española

Barroco

Siglo XVI - XVII

• Desengaño

• Pesimisomo

• Carpe diem

• Memento mori