PEB_PFB1012 Scarcity, Energy Security and Climate Change

What is scarcity?

A situation in which something is not easy to find or get; the state of being scarce or in short supply.

How is water linked to poverty?

Poor access to water and insufficient sanitation affect the health of the poor, their food security, and their prospects for earning a livelihood.

What are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?

A set of goals developed at the UN Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro, addressing global challenges, including poverty and environmental sustainability.

Name the five main forms of energy.

Heat, Chemical, Electromagnetic, Nuclear, and Mechanical energy.

What does energy security mean?

The uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price.

What is the Carbon Footprint?

The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly or indirectly by an individual, organization, event, or product, often measured in equivalent tons of CO2.

Define global warming.

The long-term rise in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, particularly the emission of greenhouse gases.

What is the Kyoto Protocol?

An international treaty aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adopted in December 1997.

What are the effects of climate change on human health?

Degraded living conditions, forced migration, social inequities, and increased health issues related to extreme weather and pollution.

What is the link between energy and poverty?

Energy is essential for improving living standards; inadequate access to energy can hinder economic growth and perpetuate poverty.

What is the significance of the 1.5°C target set by the Paris Agreement?

To limit global temperature rise and mitigate the impacts of climate change.

What constitutes clean water under the Sustainable Development Goals?

Access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene for all individuals.

What are some factors affecting the carbon footprint?

Travel methods, electricity consumption, waste disposal, and use of appliances.

Define energy accessibility.

The ability of individuals to obtain modern energy services reliably.

Explain how chemical energy is stored.

Chemical energy is stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules, released when these bonds are broken.

What are the consequences of extreme heat due to climate change?

Heat-related illnesses, increased mortality rates, and exacerbated cardiovascular diseases.

What does the term 'climate refugees' refer to?

People who are forced to leave their homes due to the impacts of climate change.

List two types of renewable energy.

Solar energy and wind energy.

How does the use of fossil fuels contribute to climate change?

Fossil fuel combustion releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, increasing global warming.

What is the role of the International Energy Agency (IEA)?

To provide policy advice, data, and analysis to promote energy security globally.

What is mechanical energy?

Energy that an object possesses due to its motion or position.

What are greenhouse gases (GHGs)?

Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming.

Explain the importance of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

It provides a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, aiming to end poverty and protect the environment.

How does water scarcity impact education?

Lack of access to clean water can lead to increased absenteeism in schools, particularly among girls.

What measures can reduce one's carbon footprint?

Using public transport, recycling, conserving energy, and reducing waste.