The Life and Works of Rizal

The Rizal Law also known as RA 1425

mandates the study of the life, works and writings of Dr. Jose Rizal.

Senator Claro M. Recto

authored Senate Bill 438, also known as the Rizal Bill

Communism

A socioeconomic system characterized by common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes, money, and private property.

 Course

A series of lessons or lectures on a particular subject for a set period.

Curriculum

The set of courses offered by an educational institution.

Historical Context

refers to the situation in the 1950s that influenced the creation of the Rizal Law.

Law

A system of rules that are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior.

 Nationalism

A devotion to one's nation; a sense of national consciousness.

The realities of 19th-century Philippines

oppression, social injustice, and political turmoil.

The Aim of Rizal

aiming to catalyze political, economic, and socio-cultural change. Forefront of the nationalist movement, serving as a beacon of inspiration for the revolution.

The Spanish colonial government problems

Filipinos were discriminated, racial prejudice, and were denied opportunities and subjected to forced labor.

Suez Canal

was built to connect Europe and Asia directly, shortening travel times significantly. The opening brought Filipinos closer to Europe.

The Propaganda Movement

to expose the Philippines' plight and pressure Spain for change. This growing discontent with Spanish rule would eventually lead to calls for independence.

Rise of the Enlightenment

its emphasis on reason, reached the Philippines through books and travelers. This period also saw the rise of a middle class, the Principalia.

Ilustrados

comprised of educated, upper-and-middle-class creoles and mestizos from the Philippines.

Middle-class status

also known as Principalía or Creole

Friars

owned the land often exploited the tenants by raising rents and taxes. Rizal himself joined the fight for better conditions for Filipino farmers.

Jose Rizal Birth date and place

was born on June 19, 1861, between 11:00 PM and midnight in Calamba, Laguna.

NickName of Jose Rizal

muy bonito" (very beautiful).

Francisco Rizal Mercado

Father of Rizal

Teodora Alonso Realonda

Mother of Rizal

José Rizal's ancestry

On his father's side, his lineage traces back to Domingo Lamco, a Chinese immigrant who married Ines de la Rosa, a Chinese-Filipino Christian. Their son, Francisco Mercado (Rizal's father), married Teodora Alonzo, whose ancestry included a Japanese ancestor, Eugenio Ursua.

Aya (nursemaid)

became a source of wonder of Rizal, telling him with enchanting tales of fairies A caregiver for children, typically a woman.

Concha

beloved younger sister of Jose Rizal that passed away.

The Tale of the Moth

Rizal was drawn to a cause he believed to be noble – the fight for reform in the Philippines. He used his exceptional writing skills to illuminate the harsh realities faced by his countrymen and inspire them to seek change.

Rizal Childhood prediction

When his sisters ridiculed his creation, a tearful José declared that one day a real monument would be built in his honor.

Private tutors of Josel Rizal to nurture his talents

Maestro Celestino and Maestro Lucas Padua provided early instruction.

Maestro Justiniano Cruz

Jose Rizal teacher at 8 years old. Rizal described his teacher as tall, thin, with a long neck and sharp nose. The maestro, known for his strict discipline, valued preparedness and used a system of rewards and punishments.

Carromata

a horse-drawn carriage, a common mode of transportation during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines.

Inquilino

A tenant farmer or lessee of land. (This term describes Rizal's father's relationship to the land owned by Dominican friars.)

Maestro

A teacher (used in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period). (This term is used multiple times throughout the passage referring to Rizal's instructors.)

Ateneo Municipal/Ateneo municipal de manila

established in 1865, was known for its excellent Jesuit education. Young Jose Rizal, using his second surname due to family concerns, initially faced challenges enrolling due to late registration and his age. However, with the help of Manuel Burgos, he gained admission.

Jesuits

A unique system at Ateneo offered a well-rounded education, divided classes into competing "empires" (Roman and Carthaginian). Students earned ranks like "Emperor" based on academic performance. This competitive environment fueled Rizal's drive to excel.

Segunda Katigbak

Jose Rizal first love. A wealthy young woman from Lipa, met Jose Rizal at his grandmother's house in Manila when she was 14 and he was 16.

Courses of Jose Rizal:

-he opted for Philosophy and Letters, partly due to his father's preference

-Driven by the desire to cure his mother's failing eyesight, Rizal switched to medicine.

 -Rizal also pursued a vocational course in surveying (perito agrimensor)

University of Santo Tomas (UST) in April 1877

At nearly 16 years old, Jose Rizal enrolled in

Leonor Valenzuela

Rizal's next-door neighbor when he stayed in the house of Doña Concha Leyva in Intramuros. Even without a special occasion, Rizal would always visit Valenzuela's home and impress her family with his cleverness and sleight-of-hand tricks.

Leonor Rivera

the connection with Rizal blossomed into a deep love, with Leonor signing her letters as "Taimis" to maintain secrecy. This relationship continued even after Rizal left for Europe, sustained by their heartfelt letters.

December 30, 1896

When did Jose Rizal died

Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda

Full name of Rizal

June 19, 1861

When was Jose Rizal born

7th child

Jose was the ___ among the 11 children of Don Francisco and Dona Teodora

10

How many siblings does Rizal have?

35 years old

Age of Rizal he died

Calamba, Laguna

where did Jose Rizal born

3

At age ___, he learned the alphabet from his mother

Sa Aking Mga Kababata

At age 8, he wrote his first poem entitled

Colonial Oppression

Spain's iron grip stifled local aspirations.

Political Turmoil

Instability and corruption permeated governance.

Social Injustice

Inequality and abuse were rampant.

first, because it is mandated by law
second, because of the lessons contained in the course

Why we study Rizal

June 12 or Independence Day of the year 1956

The bill was approved on

Maestro Celestino

Rizal's foundational education began with ____ who laid the groundwork for his future academic pursuits, introducing him to basic reading and writing.

Maestro Lucas Padua

Following Celestino, _____ further honed Rizal’s intellectual skills, particularly in arithmetic and other fundamental subjects, fostering his innate curiosity

Leon Monroy

a former classmate of Rizal's father, became a pivotal tutor, instructing him in Spanish, Latin, and elementary subjects. Monroy9s untimely demise was a significant loss, but his tutelage solidified Rizal's early academic foundation, marking him as a precocious and highly curious student.

Latin grammar and art

Despite the strict environment, Rizal excelled, particularly in

Paciano

who is the brother of Rizal

Maestro Justiniano Cruz

In Biñan, Rizal studied under the tutelage of ______, a highly regarded and strict educator known for his rigorous disciplinary methods, which often included corporal punishment

Pedro

Rizal faced bullying from a schoolmate named ____. However, demonstrating his physical prowess, Rizal defeated Pedro in an arm-wrestling match, establishing his presence among his peers.

30 days

The Suez Canal’s, opening brought Filipinos closer to Europe. Travel time from Spain dropped from over two months to ____.

Chinese

Through his paternal ancestor, Domingo Lamco

Japanese

Traced back to Eugenio Ursua.

Spanish-Filipino

A blend of native and colonial heritage.

Latin and Philosophy

Francisco Mercado pursued an education in

10

How many siblings does Rizal have

Tiyo Manuel

Jose learns the art of arm wrestling from his uncle ____.

Binan

Jose travels to ___ for his primary education

Juancho

Jose develops his artistic skills under the guidance of _____.

his mother

Jose learns to read and write at a young age with the help of ___.

Dapitan

the place where Rizal was exiled by the Spanish.

Saturnina

eldest sister of Jose Rizal, also known as "Neneng". Supported Jose in his education finances.

La liga

first political group founded in 1892 and founded by Rizal himself.

Noli me Tangre

in English "Touch me not" was published in 1887. The first novel that got published. Published in Berlin, Germany.