Neutrophils

toxic neutrophils

abnormal due to toxic conditions

toxic neutrophils have

granules stained darker and can be vacuolated

toxic neutrophils can be mistaken for

basophils

neutrophilia

increased neutrophils

stress leukogram

changes to WBC count numbers due to increased corticosteroids

endogenous stress leukogram

released by body, cortisol

stress can be

chronic or acute

endogenous stress leukogram can also be caused by

hyperadronocorticism or cushings

exogenous stress leukogram

steroids, etc.

stress leukogram shows

neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, eosinopenia

neutrophilia is caused by

shift from marginal to circulating pool

lymphopenia is caused by

sequester in lymphatic system or decreased release

monocytosis and eosinopenia is an

unknown cause

monocytosis is common in

dogs

other findings that support a stress leukogram are

hyperglycemia and increased ALP

hyperglycemia

increased blood glucose

ALPL is a

liver enzyme

physiological leukocytosis leukogram

epinephrine or norepinephrine release

physiological leukocytosis leukogram is more prominent in

cats and young horses

physiological leukocytosis leukogram will show

neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, hyperglycemia in cats

physiological leukocytosis leukogram side effects are usually

short lived and may be elevated for about 30 minutes

Inflammatory leukogram can be caused by

infection, bacteria, fungi, viruses, immune mediated ds, necrosis, migrating foregn body, cancer

Inflammatory leukogram shows

neutrophilia, left shift, toxic neutrophils, lymphopenia, monocytosis