H&E Ch 1 Key Terms

Typical finding

characteristic or normal discovery

Lesion

change in structure of organ or part

Etiology

cause of lesion

Normal discovery

another word for a typical finding

Atypical finding

discovery of variation from normal

Variation from normal

another phrase for discovery of something atypical

Abnormal finding

discovery of not typical and serious pathology

Neoplasm

a tumor

Benign

indicates a neoplasm more controlled in nature, based on microscopic analysis

Malignant

indicates a neoplasm is less controlled in nature, based on microscopic analysis

Physiologic pigmentation

localized color variation from melanin pigment

Melanin

tissue pigment causing various on skin and oral mucosal color

Regions of the face

facial surface areas such as frontal, orbital, nasal, infraorbital, zygomatic, buccal, oral, mental

Lymph nodes

bean shaped filtering bodies along connecting lymphatic vessels

Frontal region

region of face including forehead and area superior to eyes

Orbital region

facial region including bony orbit and eyeball

Orbit

bony socket containing eyeball

Nasal region

region of face occupied by external nose

External nose

surface of nose in nasal region

Root of the nose

part of nose between eyes

Apex of the nose

tip of nose

Lateral

on the side

Naris/nares

nostril(s) of the nose

Nasal septum

midline part of nose separating nares

Ala

winglike cartilaginous structures bordering nares laterally

Infraorbital region

facial region both inferior to orbital region and lateral to nasal region

Zygomatic region

facial region overlaying zygomatic arch

Zygomatic arch

bony support for cheek

Temporomandibular joint

where femoral bone of skull articulates with mandible

Buccal region

region of face composed of soft tissue of the cheek

Masseter muscle

powerful bilateral muscle of mastication

Parotid salivary gland

major gland from zygomatic arch to posterior border of mandible

Oral region

region of face containing lips and oral cavity

Oral cavity proper

region ion inside of jaws with teeth

Mucocutaneous junction

transition zone at vermilion border outlining lips from surrounding skin

Vermilion border

edge of vermilion zone

Intermediate zone

between the vermilion zone and the inner oral cavity

Philtrum

vertical groove on midline of upper lip

Tubercle of upper lip

midline wider area of upper lip

Labial commissure

corner of mouth where upper and lower lips meet

Maxilla

upper jaw

Mandible

lower jaw

Angle of the mandible

shape angle of lower jaw inferior to earlobe

Actinic cheilitis

a cellular injury

Mandibular symphysis

midline area showing fusion of two mandibular processes

Mandibular ramus

mandibular plate(s) extending upwards and backward from the body on each side

Coronoid process

bony projection at anterior border of mandibular ramus

Coronoid notch

main part of anterior border of mandibular ramus

Mandibular condyle

bony projection off order of mandibular ramus

Mandibular notch

depression between coronoid process and condyle

Vertical dimension of the face

dividing the face into three horizontal parts

Golden proportions

principle for guiding esthetic facial proportion with three parts

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

large strap muscle of the neck

Submandibular salivary gland

major gland in neck at each side

Sublingual salivary gland

major gland in neck at floor of mouth on each side

Hyoid bone

bone suspended in anterior midline of neck with many muscle attachments

Thyroid cartilage

midline permanence of larynx

Larynx

voice box in midline of the neck

Thyroid gland

endocrine gland in neck

Vermilion zone

distinctive appearance of lip with its ruling by mucocutaneous junction at vermilion border compared with surrounding skin