Big Idea II 💻

Bit

The smallest unit of data in a computer, representing a binary value of 0 or 1.

Binary System

A system that uses two digits, 0 and 1, to represent all numbers and data.

Bytes

A group of 8 bits; can represent 256 different values.

ASCII

A character encoding standard that uses 7 bits to represent characters and symbols.

Unicode

A universal character encoding standard using 16 bits to accommodate over a million codes.

Overflow Error

An error occurring when a computer tries to represent a number larger than its maximum allowed bits.

Rounding Error

An error that occurs when decimal numbers cannot be precisely represented due to insufficient bits.

Lossy Compression

A type of data compression that removes some detail from the original data, resulting in permanent loss.

Lossless Compression

A type of data compression that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed.

Metadata

Data that provides context about other data, such as time, location, and conditions of data collection.

Floating Point Numbers

Numbers that can represent decimal values using a specific encoding standard, such as IEEE 754.

Binary Counting

A counting system using only the numbers 0 and 1, where each position represents a power of 2.

Data Representation

The method of representing various types of information—such as text, images, and sounds—using binary numbers.

Compression Techniques

Methods used to reduce the file size of data while managing efficiency in storage and transfer.

Digital Abstraction

The simplification of complex ideas by focusing on higher-level representations, omitting lower-level details.

Image Encoding

The process of converting an image into binary format, indicating pixel dimensions and their respective colors.

Binary Arithmetic

Mathematical operations that are performed in the binary number system, following specific binary rules.

Data Analysis

The process of inspecting, cleaning, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information.

Sign Bit

The first bit in a binary number that indicates whether the value is positive or negative.