Concepts of Programming Languages

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminologies from the lecture on programming languages, including domains, evaluation criteria, implementation methods, and influences on language design.

Programming Domains

Different areas where programming languages are applied, such as scientific applications, business applications, artificial intelligence, system programming, and web software.

Language Evaluation Criteria

Criteria to assess programming languages, including readability, writability, reliability, and cost.

Readability

The ease with which programs can be read and understood.

Writability

The ease with which a language can be used to create programs.

Reliability

Conformance to specifications, meaning that a program performs according to its design.

Portability

The ease with which programs can be moved from one implementation to another.

Von Neumann Architecture

A computer architecture model where data and programs are stored in memory, separate from the CPU.

Compilation

The process of translating a high-level program into machine language.

Interpretation

The process of executing a program directly, without compiling it into machine code first.

Hybrid Implementation Systems

A combination of compilation and interpretation to improve execution speed and error detection.

Just-in-Time (JIT) Compilation

An implementation method that translates intermediate code to machine code at runtime.

Evaluation Criteria for Language Design Trade-Offs

Balancing aspects like reliability versus execution cost, readability versus writability, and writability versus reliability.

Preprocessors

Programs that process code before compilation, often to include or expand specific macros.

Programming Environments

A collection of tools used for software development, such as IDEs and command-line interfaces.

Artificial Intelligence in Programming Domains

A programming domain focused on manipulating symbols and using linked lists, demonstrated by languages like LISP.

Functional Programming

A programming paradigm where functions are the main means of computation, examples include LISP and Scheme.