AP Chem U4

Examples of Physical Changes

• Substance is heated/cooled

• Change in size, texture, shape

• mixture formed or separated

• change in IMFs

Examples of Chemical Changes

• Changed in energy with heat or light

• New substance formed

• Precipitate (cloudyness)

• Gas formed (bubbles)

• change in color that that is valid

• Odor produced

• change in chemical bonds

Change in color is not necessarily an indicator of a…

Chemical change (blue mixed with yellow can make green without being chem change lol)

Weak acids and bases do not…

disassociate in net ionic equations

The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a polyatomic ion is equal to the…

overall charge on the polyatomic ion

Ox # of a metal in G1 is ___ and G2 is _____

+1 and +2 (always)

Ox # of F is ___ in all compounds

-1

Ox # of H is +1 when H bonded to ____ and -1 when bonded to _____

nonmetals, metals

Ox # of O is usually -2 in most compounds except

H2O2 (-1) and OF2 (+2)

Ox num of ___ ___ ___ (halogens) are ___ in most compounds but when bonded with _or _ they have ___ ox #.

Cl, Br, I (-1) O, F (positive)

Ag ion

1+

Zn ion

2 +

Cr

2+

Cr

3+

Cu

1+

Cu

2+

Fe

2+

Fe

3+

Mn

2+

Mn

3+

Pb

2+

Pb

4+

Sn

2+

Sn

4+

NH4

1+

C2H3O2

1-

HCO3

1-

CO3

2-

ClO3

1-

ClO2

1-

CrO4

2-

Cr2O7

2-

OH

1-

IO3

1-

H3O

1+

NO3

1-

NO2

1-

C2O4

2-

ClO4

1-

MnO4

1-

O2

2-

PO4

3-

SO4

2-

SO3

2-

Na

+

NO3

-

NH4

+

K

+

Strong Acids

yay

1

HClO4

2

HClO

3

HCl

4

HBr

5

HI

6

HNO3

7

H2SO4

Strong bases

Yayyy

1

LiOH

2

NaOH

3

KOH

4

RbOH

5

CsOH

6

Mg(OH)2

7

Ca(OH)2

Sr(OH)2

Ba(OH)2

Which compounds don’t associate

• solids, liquids, gases

• weak acids + bases

• covalent compounds (CHO)