AP World History Timeline Review

Flashcards to review key vocabulary and concepts from the AP World History timeline notes.

Abbasid Caliphate

Islamic Empire with capital in Baghdad, built around trade and used receipt and bill system.

Neo-Confucianism

Emphasis on hierarchy & filial piety, women faced legal rights restrictions and social limitations, like foot binding.

Filial Piety

Practice of honoring one’s ancestors and parents, placed lowest importance to daughter in law

Crusades

Military campaigns by European Christians to convert Muslims and non-Christians.

Delhi Sultanate

Led to the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia, Rajput Kingdom resisted Muslim intrusion, maintaining Hindu influence

Reign of Genghis Khan

Unified the tribes in Mongolia to expand their authority over other societies; great diffusers of culture.

Silk Roads

Established by Han dynasty, also very influential to Mongol Empire

Magna Carta

Right to a fair trial for citizens

Yuan Dynasty

The first foreign-ruled dynasty to commandeer all of China, led by Mongols.

Ottoman Empire

Founded by Osman Bey as the Mongol Empire fell & expanded rapidly; adoption of gunpowder weapons crucial for expansion.

Devshirme (Janissaries)

Enslaved Christians from Balkans, converted them to Islam to form elite fighting force.

Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca

This pilgrimage introduced the wealth of Mali to the the rest of the Mediterranean

Tenochitlan

Capital city of Aztec Empire -markets were established, commercialised

Ibn Battuta's travels

Travelled all over Dar al Aslam - > possible with trade routes, helped his readers understand the cultures across world

Black Death aka Bubonic Plague

Emerged in North China → spread rapidly across the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean Trade routes

Ming Dynasty

Established peace and order + expanded their borders with gunpowder

Zheng He's voyages

Sent by the Ming Dynasty to go explore the Indian Ocean & enroll other states in China’s tributary system

Aztec Empire

Expansionist policy and professional, strict army. To secure their legitimacy as rulers, Mexica claimed heritage from older, more renowned Mesoamerican people

Inca Empire

Expansionist - army, established bureaucracy, unified language, system of roads and tunnels

Mit’a System

Required labor of everyone for a period of time each year to work on state projects.

Printing press invented

Johannes Gutenberg - made books easy to produce and affordable, and literacy more accessible to everyone

Atlantic slave trade

Transporting between 10 and 12 million enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean

Reconquista

Effort to rid the Iberian Peninsula of Muslim rule

Columbus voyages to the "New World"

Marks start of Spanish colonization and the Columbian Exchange

Safavid Empire

In conflict with the Sunni Ottoman Empire

Akbar

Religious tolerance and supports the arts

Aurangzeb

Persecution of Hindus and Sikhs

Discovery of silver at Potosi mine

Silver was KING

Tokugawa Japan

Strict government that instituted a rigid social class model and national seclusion policy.

The Enlightenment

effects : major revolutions, expansion of suffrage, abolition of slavery, end of serfdom, calls for women’s suffrage

American Revolution

provided a template for other nations

French Revolution

Social Inequality between the estates, economic hardships, enlightenment, weak leadership, food shortages

Gandhi

Led peaceful protests for independence

Meiji Restoration

Era of Japanese westernization - Japan became a world power

Berlin Conference

Beginning of the "scramble for Africa".

Zimmerman telegram

A secret telegram between German diplomats saying Mexico could regain territory taken by US if they joined forces

New Deal by FDR

Infrastructure projects, retirement program

Cold War Motives

US (capitalism) & Soviet Union (communism) did not want each other to spread its influence beyond their borders

NATO

A military alliance consisting of the United States and Western European countries

military-industrial complex

Dwight D. Eisenhower-Communist North Vietnam launched an invasion on South Vietnam.

Iranian Revolution

Overthrew the shah, due to dissatisfaction with modernisation

NAFTA

Eliminated most tariffs on products traded between Canada, Mexico and the US

9/11 terrorist attacks

Attack on US by hijacking 4 US planes and flying 2 of them into the World Trade Centre in New York, 1 into the Pentagon, and 1 into a field in Pennsylvania