Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) and Theories of Intelligence

PSYCH ASSESSMENT LAB

John C. Raven

Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM)

6-85 years old

Age range of Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM)

Progressive

Called ________ because difficulty increases from Set A to Set B (easy to difficult) to maintain motivation

Nonverbal

Type of test in RPM

General Intelligence (Factor G)

In RPM, it measures what?

Culture-fair

Considered as:

Inductive (Specific to General)

Type of Reasoning

Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM)

Ages 6-85

Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM)

Ages 4 - 11

Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM)

Ages 6- 85, fir above-average IQ

Intellectually Superior

Grade 1

• ≥95th percentile

Above Average Intelligence

Grade 2

• 75th - Percentile

Average Intelligence

Grade 3

• 25th - 75th percentile

Below Average Intelligence

Grade 4

• 5th - 25th percentile

Intellectually Impaired

Grade 5

• < 5th percentile

Charles Spearman

Proposed General Intelligence Theory

a. Factor G: General Intelligence

b. Factor S: Specific abilities

Raymond Cattell

• Fluid Intelligence (GF)

• Crystallizes Intelligence (GC)

Fluid Intelligence (GF)

Ability to reason and solve new problems without prior learning

Crystallized Intelligence (GC)

Knowledge and skills gained from learning and experience

Louis Leon Thurstone

Primary Mental Abilities

Verbal Comprehension

Understanding words and language

Word Fluency

Producing words rapidly

Number Facility

Working with numbers quickly and accurately

Spatial Visualization

Mentally manipulating objects

Associative memory

Recalling associations between items

Perceptual Speed

Quickly noticing visual details

Reasoning

Solving novel problems

Howard Gardner

Multiple Intelligence Theory

• Intelligence consists of different domains (e.g. linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic)

Robert Sternberg

Triarchic Theory

• Analytical

• Creative

• Practical

Analytical Intelligence

Analyze, evaluate, and solve academic problems (often measured by IQ tests)

Creative Intelligence

Handle novel situations and generate new ideas

Practical Intelligence

Adapt to real-world situations (street smarts)

Speed Test

• Has time limit

• Measured efficacy (how many items can be answered)

  • Usually contains easy to moderate items

Power Test

• No time limit

• Measured highest difficulty level a person can solve

• Usually contains easy to moderate items

Inductive Reasoning

Specific to general

Deductive Reasoning

General to specific