Foundations of information systems

What is the definition of information in information systems?

processed and organized data that holds meaning and relevance for users or decision-makers

How is information derived from data?

Information is derived from raw data through processes such as analysis, interpretation, and organization to make it meaningful and valuable.- a conclusion drawn from sales data ie , most profitable product was edible socks

What is an Information System (IS)?

An Information System is a set of interrelated elements that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate information and provide a feedback mechanism to achieve an objective.

What are the key concepts defining Information Systems in organizational contexts?

Data, Information, Business Intelligence, and Knowledge.

What does 'data' refer to?

Data refers to raw values or details from which information is established, and it lacks meaning on its own.

What is Business Intelligence (BI)?

Business Intelligence is information collected from multiple sources, such as suppliers and customers, used for strategic decision-making.

What characteristic of information ensures it can be easily accessed by authorized users?

Accessibility.

What does 'completeness' mean in the context of information?

Completeness means that information should contain all important facts but no more than necessary for its purpose.

What is the significance of 'timeliness' in information?

Information must be available at the right time to remain relevant.

Describe the six primary components of information systems

Hardware- input,output,and storage devices

Software- operating sytem, utilities

Data

People- end users (me) , IT specialists, system analysts

Procedures- operating, security, backup & recovery incase something goes left

Networks- different parties relevant to the information system need to be connected

What is meant by 'verifiability' in information systems?

Verifiability means that information can be checked to ensure that it is correct.

What does 'security' refer to in the context of information?

Information must be safe from unauthorized use and manipulation.

Why is 'simplicity' important for information?

Simplicity ensures that information is as straightforward as possible, making it easier to use and interpret.

How does flexibility relate to the use of information within an organization?

Flexibility means information should be usable for a variety of purposes by different users within the same organization.

What defines 'reliability' in terms of information?

Reliability means that information should be of good quality and trustworthy.

What role does feedback play in information systems?

The feedback mechanism helps organizations achieve their goals, such as increasing profits or improving customer services.