LPD MIDTERM REVIEW

Why does good leadership matter in organizations?

Good leadership improves team performance, employee motivation, and organizational success.

How do leaders influence teams?

By shaping goals, motivating employees, creating commitment, and guiding change.

What is the difference between leader emergence and leader effectiveness?

Leader emergence is when someone is perceived as a leader; leader effectiveness is how well they actually lead and produce results.

What predicts leader emergence?

Traits like extraversion, confidence, and behaviors like self-promotion and visibility.

What predicts leader effectiveness?

Leadership behaviors such as supporting employees, managing tasks, and building relationships.

What is employee engagement?

The level of enthusiasm, commitment, and involvement employees have toward their work and organization.

How do leaders influence employee engagement?

By creating trust, supporting employees, encouraging participation, and building a positive work environment.

What leadership behavior increases engagement?

Relationship-oriented leadership that values teamwork and employee satisfaction.

What is leadership?

The ability to influence and motivate people to achieve shared goals.

What is management?

The process of planning, organizing, and controlling resources to accomplish tasks.

What is the main difference between leadership and management?

Leadership focuses on influence and change, while management focuses on structure, efficiency, and processes.

What skills are more associated with leadership?

Vision, influence, motivation, and strategic thinking.

What skills are more associated with management?

Planning, organizing, controlling, and operational execution.

What is personal development in leadership?

The ongoing process of improving self-awareness, responsibility, and leadership skills.

What is the key formula for personal responsibility in the slides?

E + R = O

What does E + R = O mean?

Event + Response = Outcome. You cannot control events, but you control your response.

What must people give up to achieve greater success according to the slides?

Blaming and complaining.

What three things do individuals control?

1. Thoughts

2. Actions

3. Visual imagery

What is a fixed mindset?

The belief that abilities and intelligence are static and cannot significantly change.

What is a growth mindset?

The belief that abilities can improve through effort, learning, and persistence.

How does a growth mindset benefit leaders?

It encourages learning, resilience, and development of leadership skills.

Who developed the concept of growth vs fixed mindset?

Psychologist Carol Dweck.

What is the paradox of excellence?

The qualities that make someone successful in one role can become weaknesses if overused in leadership.

Why does the paradox of excellence occur?

Leaders continue relying on the same strengths that worked before instead of adapting to new leadership responsibilities.

What is the key difference between a leadership mindset and an individual contributor mindset?

Leaders focus on team success and influence, while individual contributors focus on personal performance.

What replaces independence in leadership?

Interdependence.

What replaces control in leadership?

Commitment and influence.

What is the focal unit of work for leaders?

The team rather than individual work.

How is leader emergence different from leader effectiveness and what predicts each?

• Emergence = who becomes the leader (based on traits and perception)

• Effectiveness = how good they are at leading (based on behaviors and results)

Motives for Leading

• AIM: “I want to lead.”

• SNM: “I should lead.”

• NCM: “I’ll lead even if it costs me.”

Taking 100% responsibility for your life

Taking 100% responsibility means focusing on your response to events instead of blaming external factors.

“Why Capable People are Reluctant to Lead” main risks and mitigating risks

main risks

1. interpersonal risk

2. image risk

3. risk of being blamed

mitigating risks

1. go the extra mile to support your more risk sensitive colleagues

2. manage conflict and how people interpret it

3. find low stakes opportunities for people to try out leadership

“Becoming the Boss” 5 myths and correct assumptions about leadership

Perils of following your passion podcast

argues that "do what you love" is flawed advice that leads to tunnel vision, burnout, and unrealistic expectations. Instead, Grant suggests focusing on building skills, finding purpose through mastery, and seeking jobs that offer learning opportunities over immediate happiness

What are three things that help someone gain the courage to lead?

Knowing what to expect, believing leadership can be learned, and having the right assumptions about leadership.

What is leader emergence?

When someone is perceived by others as a leader or given leadership opportunities.

What three biases influence leader emergence?

Demographics, physical characteristics, and social class.

What is a key principle of effective networking?

Quality and diversity of connections matter more than quantity and similarity.

According to research on luck, how do “lucky” people create opportunities?

They notice and create relational opportunities through interactions with others.

What mistake do people make when networking for specific outcomes?

They focus too narrowly on one goal and miss other valuable relationship opportunities.

What are the three pillars of credibility?

Character (having the intention to do the right thing

competence (knowing HOW to do the right thing

influence (executing and implementing the right actions

What behaviors build credibility in how you treat people?

Respect, honesty, accountability, trusting others, and recognizing others’ accomplishments.

What actions build credibility in how you treat the job?

Staying focused on goals, leading by example, bringing expertise, and admitting what you need to learn.

What actions build credibility in how you treat yourself?

Being authentic, continuing to learn, seeing mistakes as learning opportunities, and being resilient.

what are the three credibility misteps

1. not doing something you said you would do

2. not being honest

3. continuing to operate with a top down mindset and not taking responsibility

What is the 70:20:10 rule of leadership development?

A model describing how leaders learn through experience (70%), relationships (20%), and formal education (10%)

What is the challenging job assignments model?

The idea that leadership skills develop through difficult, real-world work experiences that push people outside their comfort zones.

Why is reflection important for leadership development?

Reflection helps people learn from experiences and apply lessons to future situations (ask yourself what happened what worked/didn’t and what you would do differently next time)

Article “People Remember What You Say When You Paint a Picture” key takeaways

• Leaders should communicate vision with vivid, concrete imagery, not just abstract buzzwords.

• People understand and remember a vision better when they can actually picture it.

• Image-based language helps teams align and perform better than vague wording.

• Leaders who use this kind of language are often seen as more charismatic and inspiring.

• Numbers and metrics matter for tracking progress, but by themselves they do not inspire imagination.

Why is feedback important for leadership development?

Feedback helps individuals identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas where they can improve their performance and leadership skills.

What are the five typical responses people have to feedback?

Accepting it, dismissing it, rationalizing it, getting defensive, or applying it to improve.

What is self-efficacy?

A person’s belief in their ability to successfully complete a task or achieve a goal.

What are the main ways to build self-efficacy?

Mastery experiences, observing others succeed, encouragement from others, and managing emotions during challenges.

What is a challenge network?

A group of people who give honest and constructive criticism to help you grow and improve.

What is radical candor?

Giving direct and honest feedback while also showing care and respect for the person receiving it.

What is the Golden Circle and what are its three parts?

The Golden Circle, developed by Simon Sinek, is a leadership framework explaining that effective leaders communicate from the inside out: Why (the purpose or belief that inspires action), How (the values or process used to achieve it), and What (the products, services, or actions delivered). Leaders start with why because purpose motivates and inspires people.

How is a vision different from strategy?

A vision describes where you want to go, while strategy explains how you will get there.

Main points made by Jeff Disterhoft, our guest speaker

instead of trying to “fix” every weakness, it’s smarter to know your weaknesses and build systems around them using the automate, mitigate, delegate, and eliminate framework.

main lessons from the article “Learning Charisma”

The article’s main lesson is that charisma is a set of learnable communication and delivery skills that help leaders inspire, persuade, and build trust.

What are the 5 Types of Stories Leaders Need to Tell and for what purpose?

1. trust (to build credibility with others)

2. teaching (to communicate lessons or important principles)

3. action story (to motivate people to take action)

4. values story (to reinforce the organization’s core values)

5. vision story (to inspire people about the future)

What is the difference between an inquiry and advocacy culture, and which is better?

Advocacy focuses on defending ideas, while inquiry focuses on asking questions and learning from others. Inquiry culture is better because it encourages open discussion, more perspectives, and better information sharing.

What is the difference between task and relationship conflict, and which is better?

Task conflict is disagreement about ideas, work methods, or decisions related to the task. Relationship conflict is personal tension or emotional disagreement between people, often involving personality clashes, frustration, or hostility.

Task conflict is generally better for teams because it can lead to better ideas and improved decision making

What is a decision-making bias?

A mental shortcut or systematic error that affects judgment and decision making.

What does SMART stand for in goal setting?

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.

Understand the 3 steps in Lewin’s Change Model and why people resist change

Lewin’s model includes Unfreeze (prepare people by showing why change is needed), Change (implement new behaviors or processes), and Refreeze (reinforce the new behaviors so they stick). People often resist change because of fear of the unknown, loss of control, comfort with current routines, uncertainty about outcomes, and concern about failure or increased workload.

What is Kotter’s 8-step process for change model?

• Create a sense of urgency

• Build a guiding coalition

• Form a strategic vision and initiatives

• Enlist a volunteer army

• Enable action by removing barriers

• Generate short-term wins

• Sustain acceleration

• Institute change

What does expanding emotional range mean?

Helping people experience and recognize a broader set of positive emotions such as hope, inspiration, and optimism.

What does finding momentum mean during change?

Building energy and progress through small wins that motivate continued effort.

What are bright spots in change management?

Examples of successful behaviors or strategies that can be replicated across the organization

What are habits and how are they formed?

Habits are behaviors that become automatic through repetition. They form when the brain links a behavior to a repeated situation or trigger, making the action easier and more automatic over time.

What is the Habit Loop and how does it form habits?

The Habit Loop consists of cue → routine → reward. A cue triggers the behavior, the routine is the action taken, and the reward reinforces the behavior, making the brain want to repeat it.

What are effective ways to develop new habits?

Start with small consistent actions, attach the habit to a cue, repeat it regularly, track progress, and use accountability (such as a partner or public commitment) to increase follow-through.

What are the elements of the communication process?

The communication process includes the sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback, and noise that may interfere with the message.

When should you send an email vs. have a meeting?

Use email for simple information sharing or documentation. Use a meeting when the issue is complex, requires discussion, quick clarification, or collaborative decision-makin

How can communication be improved when working remotely or in team meetings?

Be clear and concise, set agendas, actively listen, confirm understanding, encourage participation, minimize distractions, and use appropriate technology to ensure everyone can contribute.

What are the six principles of persuasion and what do they mean?

• Reciprocity – People feel obligated to return favors or kindness.

• Commitment and Consistency – People want to stay consistent with commitments they have already made.

• Social Proof – People look to others’ behavior to decide what is correct.

• Authority – People are more likely to follow experts or credible leaders.

• Liking – People are more easily persuaded by those they like or relate to.

• Scarcity – People value things more when they are limited or hard to obtain.