PLTW HBS Lesson 1.1 Activities 1.1.1 - 1.1.6

Outpatient center

Any healthcare consultation, procedure, treatment, or other services that are administered without an overnight stay in a hospital.

Anatomist

an expert in anatomy

Directional terms

Words that describe the location of one structure in relation to another. These terms are also used to indicate specific locations on organs or bones.

Regional terms

Words that describe specific regions or locations on the body.

Body planes

Words that act like a coordinate system to describe a human in the anatomical position.

Body cavities

Words that describe the spaces of the body that contain the internal organs, or viscera.

Axial

Relating to or situated in the central part of the body, in the head and trunk as distinguished from the limbs, for example, axial skeleton.

Appendicular

Relating to an appendix or appendage, especially the limbs.

Anatomical planes

A hypothetical plane used to intersect the body, in order to describe the location of structures or the direction of movements.

Coronal plane

Divides the body vertically into anterior and posterior portions.

Sagittal plane

Divides the body vertically into unequal right and left portions.

Transverse plane

Divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior portions.

Median plane

Divides the body vertically into equal left and right portions.

Cell

The smallest unit of life.

Tissue

An integrated group of cells with a common function and/or structure.

Organ

A collection of tissues in an organism that performs a specific function, such as the heart, brain, skin, and liver.

Organ system

A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.

Histology

The study of the microscopic anatomy of tissues. Also known as microanatomy.

Physiology

The way in which a living organism or bodily part functions.

Compact bone

a solid and hard bone that makes up the outer layer of all bone and the shafts of long bones

Spongy bone

a porous bone found in animals containing red bone marrow

Radiology

a branch of medicine that uses imaging technology to diagnose and treat disease

Fracture

a crack or break in a bone

Compression force (or compressive force)

when a physical force presses inward on an object, causing it to become compacted

Osteoblast

a bone-forming cell

Osteoclast

any of the large multinucleate cells closely associated with areas of bone resorption (as in a healing fracture)

Callus

fibrous tissues and cartilage that replace the blood clot at the fracture site

X-rays

a type of radiation that uses electromagnetic waves. X-ray imaging creates pictures of the inside of your body (show the parts of your body in different shades of black and white)

Ultrasounds

imaging that uses sound waves to produce pictures of the inside of the body

MRI

an imaging technique that forms pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body. MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields, magnetic field gradients, and radio waves to generate images of the body's organs.