Motor control Quiz 1

What is the reflex theory and its limitations?

Our movement both simple and complex is determined by reflexes. It cannot explain movements without sensation.

What is the Hierarchical theory and its limitations?

The CNS is organized top down, high centers inhibit lower, simpler reflex centers. It cannot explain stepping on a pin and experiencing pain, causing you to pull your foot away.

What is the motor programming theory and its limitations?

Movement is caused by central pattern generators without sensory input. More of a simle computer program. Variability is error and would go down as skill improves. Limited by the fact that is cannot explain how we predict and adapt to our environment.

What is the systems/dynamic theory and its limitations?

That movement emerges from from many interacting systems, synergies and groups of muscles work together in a fluid way to move. It’s limitation is that it is very complex theory and the nervous system is undervalued. Also need to remember the terms “variability” nonlinear, self-organization, degrees of freedom, synergies.

What is the ecoligical theory and its limitations?

Perception of the environment is linked with our movements. we detect the environment and then act. It says very little about how the nervous sytem produces the action.

Which motor control theory is best?

No one theory is best, it is best to combine elements of all the theorys to create the best one.

What is nonlinear behavior?

When the input and output are not proportional. You alter one parameter and the behavior entirely changes. Ex: increasing speed cuases you to go from walking to running.

what do theories give clinicians?

A framework to interpret patients behavior. New ideas, and new questions.

What are some regulatory features.

Definable, non-changing things like the weight of the cup you are reaching for.

What are some non-regulatory features.

Things that can affect movement or performance, and that can change. Such as background noise, distractions.

What is the difference between open and closed tasks

Closed tasks are a set, definable task. While open are situations like soccer where things are constantly changing.

what are the three systems that apply to motor control?

Sensory/perceptual, cognitive, and motor/action