Human Nature

Human Nature question from the seminars.

What is Dualism?

The physical (material) body and the mind (immaterial) are separate entities.

A certain philosopher greatly influenced the Dualism we know today, who was it?

Descartes

From what origin, is the word “Dualism” separated from, and what does it mean?

1. Latin Origin

2. “Dual” means two.

Dualism was developed in which century?

17th Century

Dualists consider this concept invaluable

Essence

In which European country was Dualism derived from?

In Descartes home country, France

In Functionalism, human nature is explained by what concept

Inputs & Outputs

Who is the founding father of Functionalism, and from where did his inspiration come from?

1. William James

2. Influenced by Darwin’s Theory Of Evolution

Describe the common analogy used in Functionalism

Mind-Computer. Humans have sensory inputs, which are transmitted into behavioral outputs.

Functionalism views the self as a machine

True

Functionalism has a specific stance on freedom

False

With Judeo-Christian, there are two other agreeing views. What are they and why?

1. Rationalistic: humans do good things not only for self-interest. With God’s help, we can overcome our selfish desires and create a lasting connection with him.

2. Traditional Western: the constant choice of choosing between good and evil

Does this view support freedom? If so, how?

Yes. The Judeo-Christian View agrees with the Christian virtue of freedom by giving us free will into choosing between good or bad

Name the four philosophers associated with the Judeo-Christian View

1. Plato

2. St. Augustine

3. Aristotle

4. Aquinas.

According to this theory, what happens to our soul after death?

1. Jews don’t believe we need salvation to enter heaven. God is our source of salvation and can help us redeem ourselves.

State the difference between Christians and Jews with this view.

Jews believe that Jesus is the Messiah, while Christians do not.

Name the two views that were against Feminism

1. Judeo-Christian

2. Traditional Rationalist

Which female philosophers greatly influenced and impacted this view?