SCI LESSON 3 SECOND QUARTER

SIMPLE MOTOR

GENERATOR

• A generator converts Mechanical Energy to Electrical Energy.

• It produces an electric current when a coil of wire is wrapped around an iron core and rotated near a magnet.

Water

Hydropower plants capture the energy of falling water to generate electricity.

Water

Then a generator converts the mechanical energy from the turbine into electrical energy.

Wind

The wind turns the blades of the windmill, known as the turbine, which, in turn, spins the shaft that turns the coil inside the magnet, known as the generator, and it produces the electricity.

Fossil Fuel/Steam/Heat

Oil is burned to heat water which makes steam.

Fossil Fuel/Steam/Heat

Steam moves the turbine blades that turn a shaft inside the generator.

Fossil Fuel/Steam/Heat

The shaft spins the coil of wire inside a magnet in the generator that produces a current of electricit

Electromagnetic Induction

The principle discovered by Michael Faraday, stating that when a conductor moves through a magnetic field, electrical charges are created, leading to a flow of current.

DC generator

is an electrical machine which converts mechanical energy into direct current electricity

Stator

The main function of the stator is to provide magnetic fields where the coil spins.

Stator

These magnets are located to fit in the region of the rotor.

Rotor

A rotor in a DC machine includes slotted iron laminations with slots that are stacked to shape a cylindrical armature core.

Rotor

The function of the lamination is to decrease the loss caused due to “Eddy Current”.

Commutator

A commutator works like a rectifier that changes AC voltage to DC voltage within the armature winding

Commutator

It is designed with a copper segment, and each copper segment is protected from each other with the help of mica sheets.

Commutator

It is located on the shaft of the machine

Brushes

The Brushes are in constant contact with the commutator and are attached to the wires leading from the generator.

Brushes

The commutator spins while the brushes remain stationary, transferring current from the commutator.

Shaft

The shaft transfers mechanical energy to the generator and turns the coil through the magnetic field.

Shaft

The shaft may be turned by a turbine that operates with water, steam or air, or by other means.

Difference between the AC Generator and the DC Generator

AC generator produces AC electrical power whereas DC generator produces DC electrical power.

Back -Up power for your house

Stand-by power for businesses

Temporary power in a construction site

Permanent power to a farm

What are the top Uses of Generator?

Helping main source of electricity to supply the total power required

What are the top Uses of Generator?

electric motor

Anything that changes electricity into motion, meaning electrical energy into mechanical energy is called an electric motor.

Danish physicist HANS CHRISTIAN ØRSTED began a new scientific era when he discovered that electricity and magnetism are linked.

Basic Principles in ELECTRIC MOTOR

THE STATOR

Every electric motor has two essential parts; one stationary, and one that rotates.

THE STATOR

The stationary part is the stator.

THE STATOR

Though configurations vary, the stator is most often a permanent magnet or row of magnets lining the edge of the motor casing, which is usually a round plastic drum.

THE ROTOR

Inserted into the stator is the rotor, usually consisting of copper wire wound into a coil around an axle.

THE ROTOR

When electric current flows through the coil, the resulting magnetic field pushes against the field created by the stator, and makes the axle spin

BASICS

An electric motor has another important component, the commutator, which sits at one end of the coil.

BASICS

It is a metal ring divided into two halves. It reverses the electrical current in the coil each time the coil rotates half a turn.

BASICS

The commutator periodically reverses the current between the rotor and the external circuit, or the battery.

MAGNETIC POLES

BRUSHES AND TERMINALS. At one end of the motor are the brushes and the terminals.

MAGNETIC POLES

They are at the opposite end from where the rotor exits the motor casing