Chapter 7 Vocab Test

Al-Mahdi

Third Abbasid Caliph, attempted but failed to reconcile moderates among Shi’A to Abbasid dynasty

Al-Ghazali

Brilliant Islamic theologian struggle to fuse Greek and Qur’anic traditions.

Bhaktic cults

Hindu group dedicated to gods and goddesses

buyids

Invaded and captured Baghdad, Regional splinter dynasty of the mid-10th century

Chinggis Khan

Elected Keagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions

Crusades

Series of military adventures initially launched by western Christians to free Holy Land from Muslims. Temporarily succeeded in capturing Jerusalem and establishing Christian kingdoms.

Demak

Most powerful of the trading states on north coast of Java; converted to Islam and served as point of dissemination to other ports.

harun Al-Rashid

most famous Abbasid caliph; renowned for sumptuous and costly living; dependent on Persian advisors early in reign; death led to civil wars

Kabir

Muslim mystic: played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam

Mamluks

Muslim slave warriors, establish dynasty in Egypt

Mongols

Central Asian nomadic peoples

Mahmud of Ghazni

Third ruler of Turkish slave dynasty in Afghanistan; led invasions of Northern India

Muhammad of Ghur

Military commander of Persian extraction who ruled small mountain kingdom in Afghanistan; began process of conquest to establish Muslim political control of north India

Muhammad ibn Qasim

Arab general, conquered Sind in India; declared the region and the Indus Valley to be part of Umayyad empire.

Saladin

Muslim leader in the last decades of the 12th century; reconquered most of the crusader outposts for Islam

Sati

Muslim leader in the last decades of the 12th century; reconquered most of the crusader outposts for Islam

Seljuk Turks

Nomadic invaders from Central Asia via Persia; staunch; ruled in names of Abbasid caliphs from mid-11th century Took over buyids

Shrivijava

Controlled trade of empire; Trading empire centered on Malacca Straits between Malaya and Sumatra

Shah-Nama

relates history of Persia from creation to the Islamic conquest; Written by Firdawsi in the late 10th and early 11th centuries

Sufis

Mystics within Islam; responsible for expansion of Islam to southeastern Asia and other region’s

Ulama

Orthodox religious scholars within Islam; increasingly opposed to non-Islamic ideas and scientific thinking; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology.