chapter 8 gene mutations

Mutations that arise in nature, from no particular artificial agent, are called _____.

spontaneous mutations

cosmic mutations

oblique mutations

induced mutations

spontaneous mutations

A mutagen is _______.

none of these

an agent that causes a mutation

a change in the nucleotide base sequence

an unusual phenotype

an agent that causes a mutation

A mutation that occurs naturally, without exposure to a known mutagen, is called a(n) ________.

oblique mutation

spontaneous mutation

cosmic mutation

induced mutation

spontaneous mutation

What is the name of the type of mutation that results in a stop codon?

a stop mutation

missense

sense

nonsense

nonsense

A missense mutation is a single nucleotide change that results in a single amino acid change. 

True

False

true

Frameshift mutations change the number of ____ in the gene and usually cause large-scale changes in the ____ sequence of the protein.

polypeptides; nucleotide

alleles; amino acid

amino acids; nucleotide 

nucleotides; amino acid

nucleotides; amino acid

A frameshift mutation __________. 

replaces one amino acid with another

removes part of the protein

introduces a section of amino acids not normally found in the protein

joins two different proteins

introduces a section of amino acids not normally found in the protein

Additional nucleotides was added as a result of "slipping" of DNA polymerase on the DNA template.  This is an example of a(n) ________ mutation.

spontaneous

induced

spontaneous mutation

Xeroderma pigmentosum is usually the result of:

an underactive excision repair system.

an underactive proofreading repair system.

an overactive excision repair system.

an overactive proofreading repair system.

an underactive excision repair system

Which of the following DNA repair systems operates together with DNA replication?

Mismatch

Excision

Proofreading

proofreading

Which of the following most accurately describes epigenetic inheritance?

The transmission of a heritable pattern of gene expression from one cell to its progeny that does not alter the DNA sequences

The transmission of randomized gene expression from one cell to its progeny that does not alter the DNA sequence 

The transmission of a mutated DNA sequence from one cell to its progeny 

The transmission of randomized gene expression from one cell to its progeny that alters the DNA sequence

the transmission of randomized gene expression from one cell to its progeny that does not alter the DNA sequence