Organic Compounds: Alkanes & Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

These flashcards cover key concepts in organic chemistry regarding alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

What is organic chemistry?

The study of carbon-containing compounds, excluding CO2, CO, carbonates, and cyanides.

What is the general formula for alkanes?

CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms.

What are structural isomers?

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.

What is Markovnikov's rule?

In addition reactions, hydrogen attaches to the carbon of the double bond that already has more hydrogens.

What defines alkenes?

Hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds (C=C).

How do you identify the longest carbon chain in a compound?

By locating and naming the continuous carbon chain that contains the highest number of double or single bonds.

What is a cis-isomer?

A geometric isomer where two similar groups are on the same side of the double bond.

What is the process of hydrogenation?

An alkene reaction involving the addition of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

What defines an alkyne?

A hydrocarbon that contains one or more triple bonds (C≡C).

What is a benzene derivative in organic chemistry?

A compound where a hydrogen on the benzene ring is replaced with another group.