Body Structure and Function

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to body structure and function, as outlined in the lecture notes.

Homeostasis

The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Cell

The basic unit of body structure.

Tissue

A group of cells with similar functions that work together.

Organ

A structure formed by groups of tissues that work together to perform specific functions.

Integumentary System

The largest system, which includes the skin and its functions, such as protection and temperature regulation.

Epidermis

The outer layer of the skin.

Dermis

The inner layer of the skin.

Musculoskeletal System

Provides framework for the body, allowing movement and protecting internal organs.

Joint

The point at which two or more bones meet, allowing for movement.

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary muscle that makes up the heart.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Includes the nerves throughout the body.

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

Cells that carry oxygen in the blood; also known as erythrocytes.

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

Cells that protect the body against infection; also known as leukocytes.

Platelets

Cells needed for blood clotting.

Lymphatic System

A network that transports lymph, maintains fluid balance, and defends against infection.

Respiratory System

Responsible for bringing oxygen into the lungs and removing carbon dioxide.

Digestive System

Also known as the gastrointestinal system, it breaks down food for absorption and removes solid wastes.

Urinary System

Removes waste from the blood and maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.

Endocrine System

Made up of glands that secrete hormones to regulate body functions.

Antigens

Unwanted substances that provoke an immune response.

Antibodies

Proteins produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens.